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VERB TENSES Cecília Hartt SIMPLE TENSES 1. 2. 3. 4. SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE PAST FUTURE CONDITIONAL SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE Used to talk about routines and habits. AUXILIARY VERBS – DO ( I/you/we/they) – DOES (he/she/it) Used in: – questions – negative sentences – Short answers SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE I/WE/YOU/THEY Do you speak English? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. I speak English but not very well. I don’t speak English very well. DON’T=DO NOT HE/SHE/IT Does he speak English? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. He speaks English but not very well. He doesn’t speak English very well. DOESN’T=DOES NOT VERB + S (or) ES (HE/SHE/IT) She works a lot. She teaches English. She goes to work by car. VERB+ES =After verbs ended in: SS/SH/CH/X/Z/O and Y preceded by consonant SIMPLE PRESENT (VERBS+ES) FOR I/YOU/WE/THEY: KISS WASH WATCH FIX BUZZ GO STUDY FOR HE/SHE/IT: KISSES WASHES WATCHES FIXES BUZZES GOES STUDIES PAST SIMPLE TENSE Used to talk about what happened at a definite time in the past. AUXILIARY VERB – DID ( I/you/we/they/he/she/it) Used in: – questions – negative sentences – Short answers SIMPLE PAST TENSE REGULAR VERBS VERB + D (or) ED: Work=worked Did you work a lot yesterday? Yes, I did. I worked very much yesterday. No, I didn’t. I didn’t work a lot yesterday. DIDN’T=DID NOT IRREGULAR VERBS (NO RULE) Go=went Did s/he go to the cinema yesterday? Yes, she went to the cinema yesterday. No, he didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. DIDN’T=DID NOT SIMPLE PAST TENSES REGULAR VERBS: Play=played Study=studied Stay=stayed Wash=washed Watch=watched Need=needed Love=loved Want=wanted Like=liked IRREGULAR VERBS: Write=wrote Read=read Eat=ate Drink=drank Buy=bought Send=sent Come=came Teach=taught See=saw SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE AUXILIARY VERB: WILL+VERB (I/you/we/they/he/she/it) Used to indicate a decision about the future taken at the moment of speaking. I think I’ll (I will) go out on the weekend. I think I won’t (I will not) go out on the weekend. Will you follow me? Yes, I will./No, I won’t. CONDITIONAL TENSE AUXILIARY VERB: WOULD +VERB (I/you/we/they/he/she/it) Used in polite requests, asking for help and to indicate conditions. Would you please help me with this? Would you open the door for me, please? I’d (I would) buy a new car if I had money. I wouldn’t (would not) do that if I were you. CONTINUOUS TENSES 1. 2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE TO BE (PRESENT)+(VERB+ING) Used to talk about actions in progress, happening now, at the moment. I am teaching now. You are studying now. Is she learning? They aren’t playing now. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE VERB TO BE (PAST)+(VERB+ING) Used to talk about actions that were in progress at a definite time in the past. VERB TO BE (PAST) I was we were he was you were she was they were it was PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE What was your teacher doing yesterday evening? She was working. Was she using a computer? Yes, she was. Were they working too? No, they weren’t.(were not) PERFECT TENSES 1. 2. 3. PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT TENSE 1. 2. 3. 4. AUXILIARY VERBS: HAVE (I/you/we/they)+PAST PARTICIPLE HAS (he/she/it)+PAST PARTICIPLE Used to talk about actions that : Happened at indefinite times Started in the past and continue up until now Have a present result Can be repeated PRESENT PERFECT TENSE For I/we/you/they: Have you worked at your present job for a long time? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. HAVEN’T=HAVE NOT For he/she/it: Has she worked at her present job for a long time? Yes, she has. No she hasn’t. HASN’T=HAS NOT PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS AUXILIARY VERBS: HAVE (I/you/we/they)+BEEN+(VERB+ING) HAS (he/she/it)+BEEN+(VERB+ING) It is used to emphasize the continuation of actions that started in the past and continue up until now. PRESENT PEFECT CONTINUOUS For I/you/we/they: Have you been working at your present job for a long time? Yes, I have been working at my present job for a long time. No, I haven’t been working at my present job for a long time. For he/she/it: Has she been working at her present job for a long time? Yes, she has been working at her present job for a long time. No, she hasn’t been working at her present job for a long time. PAST PERFECT TENSE AUXILIARY VERB: HAD+PAST PARTICIPLE IT IS THE PAST OF THE SIMPLE PAST Had you seen that film before? Yes, I had. No, I hadn’t. (had not) PAST PARTICIPLES REGULAR VERBS(Third column of verbs): ALL PAST PARTICIPLES END IN “ED” OR “D” Love-loved-loved Like-liked-liked Hate-hated-hated Work-worked-worked Study-studied-studied Play-played-played IRREGULAR VERBS (Third column of verbs): The 3 forms can be the same, only 2 forms can be the same or the 3 forms can be different: Put-put-put Cut-cut-cut Teach-taught-taught Go-went-gone