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Transcript
Gerontology 300 Introduction Prof. Worsfold 5/24/2017 1 Introduction 5/24/2017 I would like to introduce myself, your Instructor and my graduate assistant-TM- Melissa- and then to get you to tell us a little bit about yourselves and why you are taking this course. Information on the Gerontology Department, library and support services 2 Topics of Discussion 5/24/2017 In this lecture we will introduce the course, go over the outline and the assignments and some of the administrative arrangements to complete the program. 3 Topic One 5/24/2017 Healthy aging: What is it? What are the ongoing processes in response to aging events and transitions? What are the areas of concern for the aging Adult in our society? 4 Healthy Aging 5/24/2017 Areas to address are: Health both mental and physical Independence and functional loss Life satisfaction across the aging spectrum-Attitudes towards aging Finances and Economics Housing Social Integration 5 Health Aging 5/24/2017 Gerontology is the study of aging in its bio-psycho-social manifestations. We must also add the spiritual component Social Gerontology draws on research from the social sciences and medicine to identify successful aging and to address areas of concern-physical and mental frailty 6 Healthy Aging 5/24/2017 Successful aging has social and individual implications: areas of public policy, lifestyle, interpersonal relationships and community development. In Canada this is done with a backdrop of both individualistic, capitalistic and socialistic structures in our society 7 Healthy Aging 5/24/2017 Studying aging processes requires both scientific and descriptive analysis. Ageism as a social attitude-Introduction and Chap. One Chronological age has definitive markers-age breaks: young-65-74, middle-75-84 and old/old 85 + Studies on cohort aging gives us valuable information (Stats Can) 8 Healthy Aging 5/24/2017 Studies also include: social roles and role changes in the aging process, and attributes of attitudes and beliefs, cultural and gender issues, social and economic status. This reviews such issues as retirement, changes in marital status, extended parenting, end of life issues 9 Assessing Population Aging 5/24/2017 There are three measures of pop aging: 1. The percentage of population 65 and over. If 10% of pop is over 65 it is considered old.The the percentage increases the pop ages. Why 65? Look at Course Fact Book Reader and page 27 Textbook 2. Median age-median-one half pop is older and one half is younger. When median age increases pop is considered aging. Stats Can-2000-36.8 10 POP AGING 3. Dependency Ratios-social burden-aged dependency ration-no of people 65 and over as a ratio of persons 15-64. Stats Can 2000 183/1000. These numbers are affected by fertility and mortality rates. Dependency ratios are also only tied to paid labor.( pages 28-29 Text) 5/24/2017 11 How has Canada’s pop aged? 5/24/2017 Factors which influence aging-1. Baby Boomers-born1946-1962. They will enter old age in 2011-2027 2. Aging of current pop-In 2000 3% of pop were 80+ whereas in 1961 it 1.4% Fertility-when it declines the pop ages-urbanization, cost of raising a family, women’s participation in the labor force, effective measures to control reproduction. 12 POP AGING 5/24/2017 Look at pop pyramids-Fig 1.2-Course Reader-Fact Book Mortality decline and increased life expectancy which impact longevity and life-span. Two kinds of life-expectancydependency free and chronic disabilitythe concept of Compression Ratio is more people are able to postpone chronic disability. This is gender related given the life expectancy data. 13 Healthy Aging 5/24/2017 Functional Age: This looks at issues such as appearance, capability, movement from independence to frailty Subjective Age: This is influenced by social class and self-identity and media influences. Discuss examples 14 Cohort studies 5/24/2017 Cohort studies examine aggregations of data gathered for like groups of individuals who are experiencing the same events in the same time intervals Cohort aging is the continuous advancement of the cohorts own life span 15 Cohorts 5/24/2017 There are five distinct cohorts in the 20th Century: 1910-1926-Swing Generation, 1927-1945-Silent Generation, 1946-1964-Baby Boomers, 1965-1976-Baby Bust and 1977-1994-Echo Boomers Cohorts vary in race, gender, ethnic composition and size 16 Structural Change 5/24/2017 Here we must look at issues that affect aging such as: Culture and Institutions Contexts in which we age Social units such as families and kinship structures Educational systems, health care, social welfare programs 17 Ageism 5/24/2017 New ageism presents itself in the form of patronization, lack of autonomy, denial of emotionality and media presentation on how the elderly are portrayed and represented or what they are excluded from. 18 Ageism 5/24/2017 Lets look at Print: Novels, Newspapers and Journals both popular and scientific Film: About Schmidt, On Golden Pond, Notebooks, Life with Ivy etc. Examine the positive and negative presentations 19 Ageism 5/24/2017 This the issue of stereotyping the elderly and affects attitudes, policies, media, interpersonal relationships, attributes, categories and power. Lets review some examples from personal experience 20 CAUSES OF DEATH 5/24/2017 As the pop ages, the causes of death change and most death occurs in Canada in old age. Epidemiological Transition Theoryhistorical transitions-plagues, pestilence and famines to pandemics, chronic diseases and infectious diseases. This is also impacted by socioeconomic development 21 CAUSES OF DEATH IN CANADA 5/24/2017 Chronic and Degenerative diseaseheart disease, stroke, neoplastic diseases, respiratory diseases. Gender related-females have lower mortality rates, but this decreases with age and begins to even out with some exceptions-stroke and suicide-read pages 16-21 in the Fact Book 22 What This Means 5/24/2017 Gerontology is a broad area with both social and psychological concerns as well as medical and biological studies of the aging process. This is then pasted into an economic and cultural background and modulated by education and experience. 23 Next Steps 5/24/2017 Our next lecture will look at the Theories of Aging and will examine how we approach the study of aging within certain frameworks 24