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Introduction of Chemistry What is chemistry? Chemistry • The science of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter What is matter •Matter-anything that has mass and exists as a solid, liquid, or gas All Matter exists in 3 states • Solid-matter with a definite shape and volume • Liquid-matter with no definite shape but has volume • Gas-matter has neither shape nor volume but has mass 3 Phases of matter • All matter can be found in 1 of the 3 states (mainly dependent upon temperature) Intro to chemistry: • Properties both physical and chemicals come from the actual structure of the element’s atom or atomic design Purest from of matter • Element • Element-Elements cannot be reduced to simpler substances by normal chemical means: each element has its own unique properties/characteristics Properties of matter • Physical • Chemical Physical • Properties that are observed with the senses and can be found without destroying matter • • • • • • • • • • Color Length Mass Odor Shape Melting Point/Boiling Point Density Ductility Malleability Conductivity Chemical • Properties that show how matter reacts to other matter; end matter is different than original matter and has unique physical properties • Stable/Unstable • “All atoms want to obtain a full outer shell of electrons to become stable” ATOM • Smallest division of an element that retains all the physical and chemical characteristics of the element 3 major parts of an atom • Proton- “+” charge found in nucleus • Neutron- “neutral” charge particle in nucleus • Electron- “-” charge particle found around nucleus Atom Facts: • Atoms were first thought of by the Greeks over 2,400 years ago. Atom name comes from Greek meaning “indivisible”