Download Mental Health - Salesianum School

Mental Health
Having a positive outlook, being
comfortable with yourself and others, and
being able to meet life’s challenges and
demands
Signs of Good Mental Health
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Realistic about strengths and weakneses
Responsible for personal behavior
Avoid high risk behaviors, tobacco, drugs
Open-minded and flexable
Fun loving, able to relax alone or with others
Respect both your needs and other’s needs
Respect everyone’s value as a human being-including
their own
• Express emotion in such a way as not to hurt themselves
or others
• View change as a challenge and an opportunity
Roadblocks to Mental Health
•
•
•
•
All- or-nothing thinking
Expecting the “worst” in others or yourself
Being a perfectionist
Letting your actions or words betray your
values
Self-Esteem
The confidence and worth that you feel
about yourself
Feedback
• Messages from others that indicate who
they think are or what they think you are
like
• Sources: parents, siblings, extended
family, teachers, coaches, friends, and
your peers
Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs
(pyramid)
• At the bottom are your physical needs
(hunger, thirst, sleep)
• The next level are emotional needs (to
belong, love, be loved, achieve, to be
recognized)
• The next level are Aesthetic or artistic
needs (to know, understand, explore)
• At the top- Self-actualization (trying to be
the best you can be)
Emotions
•
•
•
•
•
Love
Empathy
Fear
Anger
Guilt
Fears
1. Speaking before a group (#1 fear)
2. Heights
3. Insects and spiders
4. Money problems
5. Deep water
6. Sickness
7. Death
8. Flying
9. Loneliness
10. Dogs
Phobias
• Irrational fears that can get in the way of leading a normal life.
• Having a phobia may produce the following signs and symptoms:
• A persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, activity or situation.
• An immediate response of uncontrollable anxiety when exposed to the
object of fear.
• A compelling desire to avoid and unusual measures taken to stay away from
what you fear.
• An impaired ability to function at normal tasks because of the fear.
• Often, the knowledge that these fears are out of proportion with the stimulus.
• When facing the object of your phobia, an experience of panicky feelings,
such as sweating, rapid heartbeat, avoidance behavior, difficulty breathing
and intense anxiety.
• In some cases, anxious feelings when merely anticipating an encounter with
what you fear.
Defense Mechanisms
Strategies used to deal with strong or stressful emotions and situations
are called
.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Repression
Suppression
Rationalization
Regression
Denial
Compensation
Projection
Idealizaton
Positive ways of Dealing with
•
•
•
•
Emotions
Fear
Anger
Guilt
Qualities that can help Emotional
Health
1. Your outlook on life
a. pessimist
b. optimist
2. Resiliency ( the ability to bounce back or
recover from disappointment, difficulty, or
set-backs
Stress
• Distress - state in which a person is
unable to adapt completely to stressors.
Stress can be created by influences such
as work, school, peers or co-workers,
family and death.
• Eustress - a positive stress that motivates
people.
Kinds of stressors
• Biological (chemical imbalance, mental or
physical illness, disabilities, injuries
• Environmental (poverty, pollution, crowding,
noise, natural disasters)
• Cognitive or thinking (Perceive or expect from a
situation)
• Personal behavior (tobacco, alcohol, drugs, not
exercising
• Life situations (death of friend or pet, divorce,
peer relationships
Your body’s stress response
• First stage – Alarm – hypothalamus,
adrenaline
• Second stage – Resistance – body repairs
itself and goes back to its normal state
• Third stage – Fatigue
1. Physical
2. Pathological
3. Psychological
Personality Types
• Type A (high achieving)
• Type B (laid back)
Stress (Mind-Body Connection)
•
•
•
•
•
•
High Blood Pressure
Headache
Asthma
Immune Response
Ulcers
Psychosomatic Response (mind causes
something physically wrong in the body)
examples: skin disorders, stomachaches,
digestive problems and headaches.
Managing Stress
•
•
•
•
•
Planning
Rechanneling Energy
Laughing and relaxing
Support group
Time management
Kind of Losses
• Stages of Loss
Stage 1 – Denial
Stage 2 – Anger
Stage 3 – Bargaining
Stage 4 – Depression
Stage 5 – Acceptance
Closure and grief response
Mental Disorders
• Illness of the mind that prevents us from
leading a normal and productive life.
• Two General Types
1. Organic - A disorder that is clearly
caused by a physical illness or an injury
that affects the brain such as a brain tumor
or stroke
2. Functional – No physical cause is
present or can be found
Organic Disorders
•
•
•
•
Brain tumors
Alcoholism
Stroke
Inherited chemical imbalances
Functional Disorders
•
•
•
•
Anxiety
Somatoform
Affective
Personality
Anxiety Disorders
• Definition: An illness in which real,
imagined, or persistent fears prevent a
person from enjoying life.
•
•
•
•
Phobia
Obsessive-Compulsive disorder OCD
Panic Disorders
Post-traumatic stress Disorder
Somatoform Disorders
• Definition: Illness in which a person
complains of disease symptoms, but no
physical cause can be found.
• Hypochondria
Affective Disorder
• Defintion: Mood swings that last a long
time
• Clinical Depression
• Bipolar Disorder
Personality Disorders
• Definition: Psychological condition that
affect a person’s ability to get along with
others
• Antisocial personality Disorder
• Passive-aggressive Disorder
• Schizophrenia