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The Rise of Rome Welcome to World History today is 9/12/08 Kickoff- take the first 15 minutes to study for Greece Quiz Greece Quiz 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Name the three Greek Philosophers and one fact about each of them. Describe the geography of Greece. Name two of the four types of governments in Ancient Greece and define each. Who was King Phillip and what were his three goals? Why is Alexander the Great important? 1. 2. What type of Ruler was he? What lands did he conquer? 1. name at least three The Rise of Rome Rome's Geography Site of Rome chosen for its fertile soil. Located on the Italian peninsula in the center of the Mediterranean Sea Built on seven hills on Tiber River Early Romans The first Romans Latins, Greek, Etruscans • Competed for control of region Latins found original settlement of Rome between 1000 and 500B.C Etruscans native to northern Italy; influence Roman civilization The Rise of Rome The Etruscans Etruscan king rules Rome • Builds first Empire Romans overthrow cruel Etruscan king in 509B.C. Romans found a republic- government in which citizens elect leaders The Rise of the Republic Patricians and Plebeians Groups Struggle for Power • Patricians- wealthy landing owning class that hold most of the power • Plebeians- artisans, merchants, and farmer; can vote can not rule • Tribunes- elected representatives to protect plebeian’s political rights. Twelve Tables Activity Groups 3-4 people Your activity is to describe one or two of your table laws • Without using word • You have to act it out silently Classmates guess the table you are doing in your section you will perform toward the end of class The Rise of Rome The Twelve Tables In 451B.C. officials carved Roman laws on twelve tablets • Bases for Roman Law Law confirm right of all citizens to protection of the law Citizenship is limited to adult male landowners Welcome to World History Today is Monday September 15, 2008 Daily Kickoff- Word Splash Using all the vocabulary from notes on Friday make one sentence that shows you know the meaning of all the words. • republic, patricians, plebeians, tribunes, and twelve tables Finish up Activity- Twelve Tables Resume Rome Notes Activity The Rise of Rome The Rise of Rome Government under the Republic Rome elects two consuls- one to lead army, one to direct government Senate- chosen from Roman upper class; makes tribunes democratic assemblies make laws for common people Dictators are leaders appointed in times of crisis (six months usually) The Rise of Rome Roman Army Roman legion- military unit 5,000 infantry; supported by Cavalry Army is powerful; key function rise to greatness Rome Rise to Power Within 150 years Rome had captured almost all of Italy Punic Wars- three wars between 264-146 B.C with Rome and Carthage (trading city in North Africa) First War- Rome wins control of Sicily Second War- Hannibal, brilliant Carthaginian general invaded northern Italy • Took on brilliant Rome commander Scipio • Rome finishes Triumphant By the time of third war Carthage was no longer a threat to Rome • Rome destroyed city and made its people slaves The Rise of Rome The End of the Republic Civil War- Rome’s victory in Carthage brought conflict between rich and poor in Rome. (civil war fighting between groups in same country) Julius Caesar- took control of Rome with two others– • Crassus (wealthy man) • Pompey (successful general) the three formed a triumvirate, group of three leaders…for ten years Julius Caesar The Rise of Rome The Roman Empire (31 BCE-476 CE) Caesar gained fame for winning battles • Pompey feared that Caesar would become to powerful • Pompey and Caesar fought another civil war together Caesar won and governed as an absolute ruler Members of the Senate killed Caesar for fear of him becoming King Augustus (31 BCE-14 BCE)- ‘exalted one’ • Civil war winner after death of Uncle Caesar • Ruled by one man Augustus Caesar The Rise of Rome The Rise of Rome The Roman Empire Pax Romana- Roman peace • Population of 60 to 80 million • Empire stretched around Mediterranean from Syria to Turkey Relied on farming employed 90% of all workers • Trade was important Coins made buying and selling easier • Army- many came from conquered peoples Once they served time in army could become citizens Rome stability Augustus Built many public buildings Created a lasting government Set up civil services • Paid workers to manage the affairs of the government The Rise of Rome The Roman Empire Culture • Patriarchal culture • Class System The Rise of Rome The Rise of Christianity Jesus of Nazareth (4 BCE?-30 CE?) Spread of Christianity Spread of Christianity