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Golden Age of Greece and
Beyond
Objectives
• Explain how Alexander the Great built a
huge empire.
• List the results of Alexander’s conquests.
• Explain how individuals contributed to the
Hellenistic civilization.
Democracy in Athens
Pericles
• Pericles was the leader of
creating democracy in
Athens.
• He had many buildings
constructed.
• Pericles had the Parthenon
and the Acropolis built.
Parthenon and Acropolis
Parthenon and Acropolis
Greek Gods
Greek Gods
Peloponnesian War
Steps of War
• 431 B.C. Sparta invades countryside by
Athens
• Pericles brings Athenians inside the walls of
Athens.
• Athens builds longwall from Athens to sea
to protest supply routes.
• Disease swept through the city killing
thousands, Pericles dies.
Steps Continued
• Alcibiades takes over the Athenian army.
• He is accused of working against religion of
city and flees.
• Alcibiades is brought back to defeat Sparta.
• He won many victories, but could not
change tide of war
• 404 B.C. Athens surrenders
• Alcibiades is murdered by Sparta
Results of War
• Widespread death and destruction
• Civil war over democratic rule vs.
aristocratic rule
• Democracy declined in Athens. A small
group of nobles run the city.
Where is Macedonia?
North of Greece. Formerly known as Yugoslavia.
Macedonia
• Philip became ruler in
359 B.C.
• Built a strong army
and won support of
some city-states that
opposed Athens.
• In 338 B.C. Philip
crushed the Greek
alliance.
Alexander the Great
• In 336, Philip was
assassinated and Alexander
took over.
• Some speculate that
Alexander had him killed,
but most believe it was 1 of
Philip’s wife, Olympia, who
wanted Alexander to be in
power.
• From his father he learned
military skills, leadership
ability, and a deep desire to
conquer the Persian empire.
Alexander--What makes him so
great?
• At 16 he stopped a
rebellion in Macedonia
(Dad was away
conquering other lands.)
• He spread Greek culture
from Egypt to India.
• He united the ancient
worlds for a time.
• At the age of 20, he took
over for his father,
Philip.
Alexander---What made him not
so great?
• Did not follow a life of moderation as
Aristotle suggested.
• Drank to excess. Doctors warned him to
stop, but he did not listen.
• Egotist---demanded to be acknowledged as
a god. Even dressed as a god at dinner
parties.
Alex Trivia
• He had a strict tutor before Aristotle who
reprimanded Alexander for throwing too much
incense on the fire. He said, ”When you have
conquered the spice-bearing region you can throw
away all the incense you want.”
• After Alex had conquered the known world, he
sent his tutor 18 tons of frankincense and myrrh.
Alexander
• Aristotle—developed
scientific curiosity
and a love for Greek
culture
• He knew Homer’ s
epics well, and
dreamed of matching
the deeds of the
heroes of the Iliad
and Odyssey.
Steps of Alexander’s Conquest of
Asia Minor
• 334 Crossed Hellespont and took over the
Greek colonies held by the Persians in Asia
Minor.
• Phoenicia ,then Egypt fell.
• 331 Mesopotamia fell
• 334-326 he conquered the lands from Egypt
to India without losing a battle.
Alexander’s Empire
Alexander’s Death
• Dies in 323 B.C.
• He was in good shape, but dies at 33.
• Some say he was murdered. (Poisoned by a
glass of wine.)
• Others believe he may have died from
malaria or complications of the flu.
Hellenistic Age
• From page 122, list 30 words to describe
the Hellenistic Age. You will have 5
minutes.
• Now write 25 words to describe the
Hellenistic Age. You will have 4 minutes.
• Write 20 words . 3 minutes
• Write 15 words 2 minutes
• Write 10 words 1 minute
• Write 5 words
30 seconds
Objectives
• Explain how Alexander the Great built a
huge empire.
• Conquered the lands from Egypt to India/
son of Philip/ admired Homer’s heroes
• List the results of Alexander’s conquests.
• Spread Greek culture
• Explain how individuals contributed to the
Hellenistic civilization.
• New schools of philosophy/sharing of ideas