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Transcript
Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Sailed around the world 1831-1836 What did Darwin’s Travels reveal The diversity of living species was far greater than anyone had previously known!! These observations led him to develop the theory of evolution!! How did tortoises and birds differ among the islands of the Galapagos? Each island had its own type of tortoises and birds that were clearly different from other islands Galapagos Turtles Darwin’s Famous Book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection published in 1859 VOCABULARY REVIEW EVOLUTION – CHANGE OVER TIME NATURAL SELECTION - INDIVIDUALS BETTER ADAPTED TO THE ENVIRONMENT ARE ABLE TO SURVIVE & REPRODUCE. A.K.A. “SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST” Natural Selection The traits that help an organism survive in a particular environment are “selected” in natural selection What would be another example of natural selection? How natural selection works Resistance to antibacterial soap Generation 1: 1.00 not resistant 0.00 resistant How natural selection works Resistance to antibacterial soap Generation 1: 1.00 not resistant 0.00 resistant How natural selection works Resistance to antibacterial soap Generation 1: 1.00 not resistant 0.00 resistant Generation 2: 0.96 not resistant 0.04 resistant mutation! How natural selection works Resistance to antibacterial soap Generation 1: 1.00 not resistant 0.00 resistant Generation 2: 0.96 not resistant 0.04 resistant Generation 3: 0.76 not resistant 0.24 resistant How natural selection works Resistance to antibacterial soap Generation 1: 1.00 not resistant 0.00 resistant Generation 2: 0.96 not resistant 0.04 resistant Generation 3: 0.76 not resistant 0.24 resistant Generation 4: 0.12 not resistant 0.88 resistant Natural Selection and Species Fitness Overtime, natural selection results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a population. These changes increase a species fitness (survival rate) Summary of Darwin’s Theory 1. Organisms differ; variation is inherited 2. Organisms produce more offspring than survive 3. Organisms compete for resources 4. Organisms with advantages survive to pass those advantages to their children 5. Species alive today are descended with modifications from common ancestors