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Big 1. Origin of the Universe – _________ Bang theory ________ 2. Origin of Life on Earth – spontaneous a. Theory of _______________ generation of inorganic molecules macromolecules from __________ because conditions on the early Earth were very different from present conditions b. ___________ atmosphere instead of an Reducing ___________ one (no free atmospheric oxygen) oxidizing organic c. Many small molecules dissolved in “__________ soup” volcanic activity and electrical storms to d. Lots of ________ provide ___________ energy e. _____________ experiment modeled early Earth Miller-Urey conditions and produced macromolecules f. Production of coacervates and microspheres with cell-like structures 3. Theory of Evolution through _____________ inheritance of Lamarck acquired traits – ____________ long necks because their • Giraffes have ________ _______ ancestors had to stretch to reach high leaves webbed • Ducks have ___________ feet because their ancestors stretched their toes • Traits acquired during an organism’s lifetime were offspring passed to their ___________ • This theory has been proved to be wrong! 4. Theory of Evolution through Natural Selection Darwin __________ time a. Evidence that species change over _______ fossil evidence • ______ DNA • genetic evidence in _________, amino acid sequence comparisons b. Details of Darwin’s theory of natural selection produced • More offspring are ___________ than can survive _________—there is a struggle for survival genetically different • Offspring are ____________ • Those offspring with traits that give them an survival advantage for __________ are more likely to survive long enough to reproduce and pass on their traits genes • Over time, the “advantageous” ________ will become more common in the gene pool environment cause changes in • Changes in the _____________ which genes are selected for or against Macro-evolution c. ___________________ is evolution on a large scale over long time periods and involves the appearance of a new species Micro-evolution is evolution on a small scale over a d. ________________ short time period and shows a change on the frequency of a gene within a population Adaptive radiation e. _____________________ is the most common evolutionary pattern. It is when two related species become less alike over time. Convergent f. _____________ evolution is when two unrelated species independently develop a characteristic that appears to be the same, such as the eye of a human and the eye of an octopus. The current system of two-word names was binomial developed by Linnaeus and is called _________ nomenclature. two word scientific name in a. Every species has a ____ Latin _______. b. The scientific name is composed of the genus organism’s ________ first and then the species _______. c. The scientific name of an organism is either ____________ or written in _______. The genus underlined italics capitalized is always ____________ and the species is never ________ capitalized. 2. The most current classification system uses six Archaebacteria ____________, Eubacteria kingdoms: ______________, Protista Fungi _____________, Plantae __________, _______, and Animalia _________ kingdom 3. Organisms are grouped from __________, class order phylum family _________, _______, ________, _________, genus _________, and _________, getting more and species more similar. (King Phillip Came Over For Grape Slushies) species are so 4.Organisms in the same ________ closely related that they can produce fertile offspring. ________ 5. **Be able to use a dichotomous key to classify organisms.