Download Laser - bYTEBoss

Done by:
Jerrick Lim (1P2)
Benjamin Chua (1P4)
Xiao Dong (1P4)
Agenda
Laser’s definition
 Type of laser
 History of laser
 Inventor of laser
 Uses of laser

What is laser?
Light Amplification by Stimulated
Emission of Radiation
 A mechanism for emitting
electromagnetic radiation, often visible
light, via the process of stimulated
emission
 Matter?

Types of laser

Gas Laser
 E.g. Carbon monoxide, nitrogen

Chemical Lasers
 E.g. Hydrogen fluoride

Metal-vapour Lasers
 E.g. Gold, helium, copper

Solid-state Lasers
 E.g. Ruby, titanium

Semiconductor Lasers
 E.g. Hybrid silicon, lead salt

Others
 E.g. Free electron, gas dynamic
Before the Laser there was
the Maser

Maser
 Microwave Amplification by Stimulated
Emission of Radiation

Invented by Charles Townes and Arthur
Schawlow in 1954 using ammonia gas
and microwave radiation
 The technology is very close but does not
use a visible light.
Before the Laser there was
the Maser

On March 24 1959, Charles Townes and
Arthur Schawlow were granted a patent
for the maser. The maser was used to
amplify radio signals and as an
ultrasensitive detector for space
research.
Ruby Laser

In 1960, Theodore Maiman invented the
ruby laser considered to be the first
successful optical or light laser. Many
historians claim that Theodore Maiman
invented the first optical laser, however,
there is some controversy that Gordon
Gould was the first.
Gordon Gould - Laser

Gordon Gould was the first person to use
the word "laser". There is good reason to
believe that Gordon Gould made the first
light laser. Gordon Gould was first inspired
to build his optical laser starting in 1958.
He failed to file for a patent his invention
until 1959. As a result, Gordon Gould's
patent was refused and his technology was
exploited by others. It took until 1977 for
Gordon Gould to finally win his patent war
and receive his first patent for the laser.
Uses of laser - Medical Lasers
Used as a scalpel
 Used to reattach retinas
 Used in conjunction with fiber optics to
place the laser beam where it needs to
be
 Used to stitch up incisions after surgery,
by fusing together skin

Uses of laser - Entertainment
Laser shows are quite popular and the
special effects are amazing.
 They use lasers that are in the visible
spectrum along with vibrating mirrors to
paint images in the air.

Uses of laser - Computers
and Music

Reading of CD
 Having a reflective aluminium layer that has
very small pits put in it. The pits and the lack of
are translated into binary by the computer and
then are used for information.

Fiber optics
 Lasers travel very fast and they make an ideal
way to communicate. The laser is shot down a
fiberglass tube to a receiver. These wires can be
very long with no loss of signal quality. Also
modern multiplexing of the line lets two lasers of
different frequencies share the same line.
Uses of laser - Metal working

Industrial production
 Very accurate point and solid state
construction
 Allow better cuts on metals and the welding
of dissimilar metals with out the use of a flux
 Mounted on robotic arms and used in factors
○ Safer then oxygen and acetylene, or arc
welding