Download Atoms and the Periodic Table

Atoms and the Periodic Table
Kim Lachler updated 2014
ATOM

C:\Users\HP
Customer\Desktop\The_Smallest_Piec
e_of_Matter__The_Atom.asf

Atom is the smallest
part of anything that
can not be broken
down any further and
remain the same
thing.
Atoms made up of
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Nucleus – the center of an atom
–
–
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Neutron – has no charge
Protons – are positively charged
Electrons – are negatively
charged
Atoms made up of

Bohr’s model
–
Has the electrons in orbits/shells
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1st orbit holds 2 electrons
2nd orbit holds 8 electrons
3rd orbit holds 18 electrons
Cloud
–
The electrons travel around more like bouncing
around in a cloud.
ATOMIC NUMBER

There are the same number of protons and
electrons in an atom.

The number of protons is known as the atomic
number.
ATOMIC MASS and Isotopes

Atomic_Number__Mass_Number__Isotopes.asf

Atomic mass is the number of protons + number of
neutrons.
Isotopes is when the atomic mass is different from atom
to atom of the same element because the number of
neutrons are different.
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PERIODIC TABLE
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First it is important to understand what
makes each element unique.
What makes each element unique?
–
The number of Protons.
PERIODIC TABLE
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The elements are arranged on the periodic table by
the number of protons and then grouped by other
properties, such as:
–
–
–
Number of electrons in the outer shell
Type of medals
And so forth.
PERIODIC TABLE

Each square on the
periodic table tells you
the:
–
–
–
–
Element name
Element symbol
The atomic number
The atomic mass (which is
the average of all it’s
masses)
Ions
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The electrons of an atom move around a lot.
They like to have their outer shell filled.
They will share electrons with other atoms to
accomplish this.
When an atom gains or loses an electron
through this process it is called an ion.
Ions


Cation - When an atom loses electrons it is
positively charged (has more protons then
electrons)
Anion – When an atom gains electrons it is
negatively charged (has more electrons then
protons)
Molecule

When atoms bond; share electrons.
Bibliography
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Discovery Education, discoveryeducation.com, accessed 12/29/12

Google images, http://www.900foot.com/pages/atom.htm ,accessed 12/29/12
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Chemistry, http://www.crystalinks.com/chemistry.html, accessed 12/29/12
Basic electron engineering I, http://www.electronics-microcontroller.com/electronics-articles-basicStructure-of-the-Atom.htm, accessed 12/29/12
Jefferson Lab, isotope, http://education.jlab.org/glossary/isotope.html, Accessed 12/29/12
PLOS.org, periodic craziness, http://blogs.plos.org/speakeasyscience/2011/12/04/periodic-craziness/ ,
accessed 12/29/12
Wyzant, intro to elements and compounds,
http://www.wyzant.com/Help/Science/Chemistry/Intro_to_Elements_and_Compounds/, accessed 12/29/12
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