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MUSCLE TEST REVIEW Question 1 Explain the primary differences between smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle tissue Question 2 Describe how striations make up the arrangement of skeletal muscle tissue Question 3 What 3 words are used to describe skeletal muscle tissue? Question 4 What 3 words are used to describe cardiac muscle tissue? Question 5 What are 3 prefixes that indicate they apply to muscle tissue? Question 6 How do the postural muscles work? Question 7 What is the role of the sarcolemma in relation to muscle contraction? Question 8 Draw and label the parts of an individual sarcomere. Question 9 Explain the roles of the following: Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Thin filament Thick filament Question 10 Where are the following areas on a sarcomere? H zone M line Z line A band I band http://msjensen.cehd.umn.edu/1135/Links/Animations/Flash/0008swf_sarcomere_shor.swf Question 11 Define and label the following: Synaptic cleft Synaptic vesicles T-tubules Question 12 Explain the effect an action potential would have on a relaxed muscle. Question 13 How do the crossbridges on a filament work? What is needed so they can function? http://msjensen.cehd.umn.edu/1135/links/Animations/Flash/000 9-swf_function_of_th.swf Question 14 What impact does acetylcholine have on a muscle? What is the effect of troponin and tropomyosin? Question 15 What energy source is needed to cause the filament to slide and produce a muscle contraction? What does it convert to when energy is released? http://msjensen.cehd.umn.edu/1135/Links/Animations/Flash/0010-swf_action_potenti.swf Question 16 What is the role of Sodium on muscle contraction? Explain its location before and during a contraction. Question 17 Explain each and include the electrical conditions: Polarization Depolarization Repolarization Question 18 Identify when Calcium is released and the effect it produces on a muscle Question 19 What is oxygen debt and how is it repaid? Question 20 Explain Golden Rule #4 – Muscles only pull – they never push. Question 21 Differentiate between the following: flexion/extension abduction/adduction pronation/supination Question 22 Be able to define the following Inversion/eversion Plantar flexion/dorsiflexion circumduction Question 23 What is the difference between origin and insertion? Question 24 Explain the “formula” for muscle contraction Question 25 Explain the agonist/antagonist relationship
