Download MRSA & Bloodborne Pathogens

MRSA & Bloodborne
Pathogens
WARNING: Some of the
following pictures may be gross
Objectives
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Define MRSA, Staph, bloodborne pathogens,
and universal precautions
Recognize symptoms of MRSA and how it is
spread
List 2 bloodborne pathogens and their
symptoms
MRSA
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureas
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What is it?
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“Staph” = bacteria that live on the skin & in the
nose
Usually harmless
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Estimated though that staph fatalities may exceed
AIDS deaths
MRSA = type of staph
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Resistant to several types of antibiotics
MRSA
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Who gets it?
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Anyone
Most often in hospitals &
healthcare facilities
Athletes or other
individuals in high
contact activities
MRSA
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How is it spread?
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Touching the infected skin/wound
Sharing objects such as towels or athletic equipment
Typically through physical contact (not air)
What does MRSA look like?
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Mainly on skin, in the nose, in wounds, or in urine &
blood
Around open wounds or other openings where
bacteria can get inside the body
Common skin conditions caused by MRSA:
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Infected cuts
Boils
Infected hair follicles
Fluid filled blisters (impetigo)
Skin sores that look like insect bites
MRSA
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Can spread to surrounding tissue
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Leads to abscesses or infections of the:
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Blood
Bone
Heart infections
Treatment?
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Some antibiotics are successful
Once MRSA is gone…
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Bacteria may still live in your nose
Wash hands often
Sneeze or cough into tissue
If new infection occurs, cover & see MD
Prevention?
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Wash hands often!!
If skin infection occurs, keep
area clean & covered
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Change bandage often –
especially if wet
Prevent wound drainage from
coming in contact with anyone
else
Avoid public spas, saunas, pools,
manicures, gyms, etc
**Bloodborne Pathogens
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**Pathogenic microorganisms that can
potentially cause disease
**Universal Precautions
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**Assume all fluid is contaminated fluid
Cover open skin wounds
Remove bleeding athletes from play
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Possible uniform change
**Protective equipment
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**Gloves, gowns, masks, eye shield, CPR masks
**Hepatitis B
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**Major cause of viral infection affecting liver
functions
Dramatic increase in last 10 years
Stronger, more durable than HIV
Signs/Symptoms
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Flulike, **jaundice, not present
Transmission
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Direct & indirect (surfaces – 1 week) contact
Hepatitis B
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Infectious Material
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Prevention
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Blood, saliva, semen, feces, food, water
Good hygiene, avoid high risk behaviors, vaccine
Recovery
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Usually within 6-8 weeks
**Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV)
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**Viral infection that attacks healthy cells
Estimated 40 million by 2000
Signs/Symptoms
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Fever, night sweats, weight loss, diarrhea, severe
fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, lesions, none (8-10
years)
Transmission
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Direct & indirect contact
HIV
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Infectious materials
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Management
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Blood, semen, vaginal fluid
“cocktails”
**Prevention
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**Education
Little risk to athletes, but possible