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The Chain of Infection As healthcare professionals, it is important to understand two things about infection: 1.How infection can be transmitted 2. How to break the infection chain There are six links in the chain of infection : The Chain of Infection Infectious agent Reservoir host Susceptible host Portal of Exit Portal of Entry Route of transmission 1st - The Infectious Agent Pathogen bacteria virus fungus 2nd - The Reservoir Host Where the microbe lives and grows. People animals Water food 3rd - The Portal of Exit -Where the microbe leaves (exits) the host Respiratory System Gastrointestinal System Urinary & Reproductive Tracts Skin Barrier/Blood Non-intact skin 4th - The Route of Transmission -HOW the pathogen gets from the reservoir host to the new host Flu virus How do I get to Mr. Smith’s lungs? 3 Main Methods or Routes of transmission in health care facilities: 2. Direct Contact 1. AIR 3. Indirect Contact th 5 - Portal of Entry The Portal of Entry is how the pathogen enters the host’s body. Usually the same as the Portal of Exit. 6th - The Susceptible Host -the person that the pathogen enters A susceptible person is someone at higher risk for developing an infection Susceptible Hosts • • • • The elderly People with low immune systems, Health care workers Infants What are ways can you think of to prevent the transmission of germs? • Power Point adapted from: • www.cte.unt.edu/health/curriculum/Chain_ of_Infection.ppt • Some images from Google Images