Download Principles of Infection

 Aseptic
practices: used to keep an area free
of disease producing microorganisms

Medical Asepsis: “clean technique” , purpose is
to keep a clean environment so disease won’t
spread.


EX: hand washing, gloves
Surgical Asepsis: “sterile technique” a sterile
environment in which there are no
microorganisms or spores.
 Airborne


disease that is spread by droplets in the air.
Must wear filter mask, and have negative
pressure in the room
 Droplet



Precautions:
Spread when someone sneezes or coughs
Should wear a mask
 Contact

Precautions:
Precautions
Could get transmission by contact or non contact
Have wound covered with sterile dressing at all
times
 Infection
only happens if the pathogens alter
the normal function of tissue.
 They
(pathogens) take up space and
nutrients which allows them to get bigger
and stronger.
6
factors must be present for an infection to
occur.
 If chain is ever broken…NO infection should
occur!

Washing your hands will prevent the spread of
disease
= infection
= no infection
Infectious
Agent
 Mostly


harmless microorganisms
When they multiply they become harmful
They multiply in a reservoir. …
Reservoir
 Reservoirs
= humans, insects, food water, bed
linen or books
 Pathogens stay in the reservoir until they can
escape
Portal of
Exit
 Escape





routes
Respiratory tract
Skin
Blood
GI tract
Mucous membranes
Mode of
Transmission
 The
way in which a pathogen goes from place
to place
 Can be spread by direct contact or airborne
droplet
 Proper hand washing is the best practice to
prevent transmission
Portal
of
Entry
 Pathogens
need a portal of entry for
transmission.
 Routes of entry:




Respiratory tract
Mucous membranes
GI tract
Cut on skin
Susceptible
Host
 One
that is capable of becoming infected

Microorganisms must be present in large quantity
Host must be susceptible

If you are immune you are not susceptible

Inf.
Agent
Susceptible
Host
Reservoir
Portal of
entry
Portal of
exit
Mode of
Transmission