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1• Transports oxygen from the lungs to body to be used • Transports carbon dioxide to the lungs to be removed 2 3• Transports nutrients from the small intestine to tissues 4 • Fights infections 5 • Transports water from the digestive system to the body and lungs 6• Carries waste products (ie: urea) to kidneys for removal in urine 7 • Distributes body heat from internal source to skin (to get rid of it) 8 • Seals wounds by forming blood clots Amazing Heart Facts • Put your hand on your heart. Where is it? • Hold out your hand and make a fist. size of heart: child = 1 fist; adult = 2 fists! • Your heart beats about 100,000 times in one day and about 35 million times in a year. • During an average lifetime, the human heart will beat more than 2.5 billion times. •Even at rest, the muscles of the heart work twice as hard as the leg muscles of a person sprinting • In one day, the blood travels a total of 19,000 km. That's 4 times the distance across CANADA from coast to coast. •When you are resting, it takes 35-40 seconds for the blood to move through your body. What about when you are exercising? approximately 10 seconds •How much does your heart weigh? only 2/3 of a pound! • Give a tennis ball a good, hard squeeze. You're using about the same amount of force your heart uses to pump blood out to the body Aortic Arch Superior vena cava Pulmonary Trunk Coronary artery Right Atrium Right Ventricle Inferior Vena Cava Coronary Vein Left Ventricle The human heart has 4 well developed chambers Right Atrium Left Atrium Right Ventricle Left Ventricle The right side of the heart pumps deO2 blood to the lungs The left side of the heart pumps O2 blood to the body Right Atrium Receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the superior & inferior vena cava. Left Atrium Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins • When the right atrium contracts, it pushes the blood through the tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle. • When the RIGHT VENTRICLE contracts, BP forces the TRICUSPID valve to close. Right Ventricle • The BP forces PULMONARY VALVE open & the blood moves into the PULMONARY TRUNK. The PULMONARY ARTERIES take the deO2 blood to the lungs. The CO2 is removed from the blood and is replaced with O2. The PULMONARY VEINS take the O2 blood to the heart. The protein HEMOGLOBIN binds the oxygen tightly and carries it to the body cells A muscular wall that separates the right side of the heart from the left side. Keeps the deO2 blood from mixing with the O2 blood •It is now possible to close a hole in the septum without surgery. •This is done using a new device called the Cardioseal ™ septal repair device. •The surgery takes approximately 4-5 hours to complete. • When the left atrium contracts, it pushes the blood through the bicuspid valve and into the left ventricle. • When the LEFT VENTRICLE contracts, the BICUSPID VALVE is forced closed. • Blood is forced through the AORTIC VALVE and enters the AORTA. • The left ventricle has a THICKER muscle layer. WHY? Left Ventricle Superior Vena Cava These are the BIGGEST VEINS! They bring the deO2 blood back to the heart so that it can be pumped to the lungs. Inferior Vena Cava Coordination of the Beating • Heart cells naturally beat slowly if ATP is present • If there was no coordination, the heart cells would all beat randomly Purkinje fibres • Atria beat from top down, then pause, and the ventricles beat from bottom up. Hardening of the arteries Cholesterol in the blood can become deposited on the inside walls of the arteries. This seems to happen faster in people who: •Smoke •Have high blood pressure •Eat high fat, high cholesterol foods, or, for other reasons, have high cholesterol •Are overweight •Have a lot of tension and stress •Do not exercise regularly •Have diabetes and/or family members with a history of atherosclerosis The AbioCor Heart is made from titanium metal and a special type of plastic. A rechargeable internal battery allows the patient to be completely free of the external power transmission unit for some period of time. Normally an external power pack transmits power across the skin.