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Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Preview • Multiple Choice • Short Answer • Extended Response Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 1. In the following reaction, which species is reduced? 2K + Br2 2K + + 2Br – A. K B. Br2 C. All of the above D. None of the above Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 1. In the following reaction, which species is reduced? 2K + Br2 2K + + 2Br – A. K B. Br2 C. All of the above D. None of the above Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 2. The oxidation number of the sulfur atom in the SO24– ion is A. B. C. D. +2. −2. +6. +4. Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 2. The oxidation number of the sulfur atom in the SO24– ion is A. B. C. D. +2. −2. +6. +4. Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 3. A half-reaction A. involves a change in the oxidation state of an element. B. always contains H2O molecules. C. always contains H+ ions. D. All of the above Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 3. A half-reaction A. involves a change in the oxidation state of an element. B. always contains H2O molecules. C. always contains H+ ions. D. All of the above Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 4. In the following reaction, which is the oxidizing agent? AgNO2 + Cl2 + 2KOH AgNO3 + 2KCl + H2O A. B. C. D. AgNO2 Cl2 KOH KCl Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 4. In the following reaction, which is the oxidizing agent? AgNO2 + Cl2 + 2KOH AgNO3 + 2KCl + H2O A. B. C. D. AgNO2 Cl2 KOH KCl Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 5. What are the oxidation states (in increasing order) of the element that undergoes disproportionation in the following reaction: Cl2 + H2O HCl + HOCl A. B. C. D. −1, 0, +2 −1, 0, +1 −2, −1, 0 None of the above Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 5. What are the oxidation states (in increasing order) of the element that undergoes disproportionation in the following reaction: Cl2 + H2O HCl + HOCl A. B. C. D. −1, 0, +2 −1, 0, +1 −2, −1, 0 None of the above Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 6. Which reaction is a redox reaction? A. Al2O3 + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2O B. 2HCO3– CO2 + CO32– + H2O C. SiBr4 + 3H2O H2SiO3 + 4HBr D. H2O + PbO2 + NaOH + KCl KClO + NaPb(OH)3 Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 6. Which reaction is a redox reaction? A. Al2O3 + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2O B. 2HCO3– CO2 + CO32– + H2O C. SiBr4 + 3H2O H2SiO3 + 4HBr D. H2O + PbO2 + NaOH + KCl KClO + NaPb(OH)3 Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 7. Arrange the following in order of increasing oxidation number of the sulfur atom: S2O32– , S4O62– , HSO4– , and H2S. 2– 2– – A. H2S, S2O3 , S4O6 , HSO4 B. S2O32– , H2S, S4O62– , HSO4– C. H2S, S2O32– , HSO4– , S4O62– – 2– 2– D. HSO4 , S2O3 , S4O6 , H2S Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 7. Arrange the following in order of increasing oxidation number of the sulfur atom: S2O32– , S4O62– , HSO4– , and H2S. 2– 2– – A. H2S, S2O3 , S4O6 , HSO4 B. S2O32– , H2S, S4O62– , HSO4– C. H2S, S2O32– , HSO4– , S4O62– – 2– 2– D. HSO4 , S2O3 , S4O6 , H2S Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 8. Which answer contains the correct information about the following reaction: 2Pb(NO3 )2 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2 A. This reaction is a decomposition reaction and not a redox reaction. B. This reaction is a redox reaction in which the lead is reduced and the oxygen is oxidized. C. This reaction is a disproportionation reaction. D. This reaction is a redox reaction in which the nitrogen is reduced and the oxygen is oxidized. Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Multiple Choice 8. Which answer contains the correct information about the following reaction: 2Pb(NO3 )2 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2 A. This reaction is a decomposition reaction and not a redox reaction. B. This reaction is a redox reaction in which the lead is reduced and the oxygen is oxidized. C. This reaction is a disproportionation reaction. D. This reaction is a redox reaction in which the nitrogen is reduced and the oxygen is oxidized. Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Short Answer 9. Determine the oxidation numbers for Cu in the superconductor YBa2Cu3O7.Yttrium (Y) has an oxidation number of +3. (Cu does not have oxidation numbers greater than +3.) Give only integer oxidation numbers. Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Short Answer 9. Determine the oxidation numbers for Cu in the superconductor YBa2Cu3O7.Yttrium (Y) has an oxidation number of +3. (Cu does not have oxidation numbers greater than +3.) Give only integer oxidation numbers. Answer: The oxidation numbers for Y, Ba, and O are +3, +2, and −2, respectively. Therefore, the sum of the oxidation numbers for the three Cu atoms must be +7. Two Cu atoms must have +2 oxidation states, and one Cu atom must have a +3 oxidation state. Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Short Answer 10. What is an oxidizing agent? Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Short Answer 10. What is an oxidizing agent? Answer: An oxidizing agent is a species that causes another species to be oxidized in a redox reaction. An oxidizing agent is therefore reduced in a redox reaction. Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Extended Response 11. B, F, K, and L are four unknown reducing agents that oxidize to singly charged cations. Using the following information, construct a table showing the relative strengths of the oxidizing and reducing agents. Data: F reduces K+, B+, and L+. B+ oxidizes K and F, but not L. Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Extended Response 11. B, F, K, and L are four unknown reducing agents that oxidize to singly charged cations. Using the following information, construct a table showing the relative strengths of the oxidizing and reducing agents. Data: F reduces K+, B+, and L+. B+ oxidizes K and F, but not L. Answer: Reducing agents F K B L Oxidizing agents F+ K+ B+ L+ Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Extended Response 12. Balance the equation for the following reaction in basic solution: ClO2 KClO3 + KClO2 Give the balanced equation for each halfreaction and for the overall reaction. Give the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent. Chapter 19 Standardized Test Preparation Extended Response 12. Balance the equation for the following reaction in basic solution: ClO2 KClO3 + KClO2 Give the balanced equation for each half-reaction and for the overall reaction. Give the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent. Answer: Oxidation half-reaction: 2OH– + ClO2 ClO3– + e– + H2O – – Reduction half-reaction: ClO2 + e ClO2 Overall reaction: 2ClO2 + 2KOH KClO3 + KClO2 + H2O This reaction is a disproportionation reaction; therefore, ClO2 is both the reducing agent and the oxidizing agent.