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He We We She I Us Pronouns • A pronoun is a word used instead of a noun or another pronoun. Example 1.Marie went for a walk. She went for a walk. • In the second sentence, she is a pronoun that takes the place of the noun Marie. Antecedents An antecedent is the noun the pronoun replaces or refers to. Jane and Margaret went shopping; they bought a new book at the store. “Jane and Margaret” is the antecedent. “They”is the pronoun that replaces it. Subject and Object Pronouns (Nominative or Objective Case) • The subject pronoun is who or what the sentence is about – We played soccer. – “We” is a pronoun and it tells who the sentence is about. • The object pronoun is a someone or something that receives the action of the subject. – She kicked it. – “It” is a pronoun and “it” is receiving the actionit is being kicked. Subject Pronouns Singular I You He, she, it (who, whoever) Plural we you they Object Pronouns Singular me you him, her, it (whom, whoever) Plural us you them 8 Types of Pronouns • • • • • • • • Personal Possessive Reflexive Intensive Demonstrative Indefinite Relative Interrogative 1. Personal Pronouns A personal pronoun refers to the one speaking, the one spoken to, or the one spoken about. Karen ate pizza. She was hungry. The word "she" is a personal pronoun that refers to "Karen." ME! Possessive Pronouns • Take the place of a possessive noun (show ownership). Matthew’s book is on Matthew’s desk. Replace the second Matthew’s with a pronoun. Examples Singular Plural First Person I, me, my, mine We, us, our, ours Second Person You, your, yours You, your , yours Third person He, him, his, They, them, she, her, hers, their, theirs it, its 2. Reflexive Pronouns A reflexive pronoun is a pronoun that refers to the subject and is necessary to the meaning of the sentence. It ends in "-self" or “-selves” Bob enjoyed himself at the gym. “Himself” is a reflexive pronoun; it is necessary for the sentence to make sense. 3. Intensive Pronouns • An intensive pronoun emphasizes a noun or another pronoun. It also end in –self or –selves. • It is not necessary to the meaning of the sentence. Did you decorate the room yourself? “yourself” is not necessary to include. Reflexive and Intensive Examples Singular Myself Yourself Himself Herself itself Plural Ourselves Yourselves Themselves Reflexive- NECESSARY Intensive- UNECESSARY Grrrr… To lift weights, one must FLEX their muscles. However, one doesn’t have to be INTENSE and make grunting and growling noises. 4. Indefinite Pronouns An indefinite pronoun is a pronoun that refers to persons, places, or things, in general. It may or may not be specifically named. Someone stole my wallet! The word "someone" is the indefinite pronoun. The indefinite pronoun that is a subject must agree with the verb in number. Indefinite Exampes Singular Anybody, anyone, Each, either, Every, everybody, Everyone, Neither, nobody, No one, nothing, one Plural Both Many Few several 5. Demonstrative Pronouns A demonstrative pronoun is a pronoun that replaces and points out a person, place, thing, or idea. • This That These Those These are sour. The word "these" is a demonstrative pronoun; it replaces the word lemons. Relative Pronouns • Pronouns that introduce a relative clause that relates to another word in the sentence. Who, whom, whose, which, that The boy who cried wolf was attacked at the end of the story. 6. Interrogative Pronouns An interrogative pronoun introduces a question. Who, whom, and which are interrogative pronouns. Who wrote Twilight? The word “Who" is an interrogative pronoun.