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Warm-up 16 • What is silent bartering and how does it work? • Why was trade important to the development of the Muslim empire? THIS IS With Your Host... Geography Religion Trade Achievements African Empires Random 100 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 500 What is another name for a desert spring? A 100 Oasis A 100 Define “nomadic” and “sedentary”? A 200 Nomadic – people who move from place to place. Sedentary – people who settle in one place. A 200 How did the physical location of the Islamic Empire influence its culture? A 300 It allowed the blending of different cultures through trade. A 300 Why is Arabia known as a crossroads location? A 400 It is near the intersection of three continents (Africa, Asia, and Europe) and trade routes pass through the region. A 400 Where did medieval West African empire develop? A 500 Early West African kingdoms developed in the Sahel (grasslands) near rivers. A 500 What are mosques? B 100 They are Muslim places of worship. B 100 What are the Qur’an and Sunnah? B 200 They are the two Muslim holy books. The Qur’an is a record of the revelations given to Muhammad by Gabriel. The Sunnah is a record of the hadith recorded by Muhammad’s followers. It outline basic rules for living. Together they are the basis for Islamic Law. B 200 Why was Mecca a popular destination before both before and after the birth of Islam? B 300 People visited Mecca to pray at shires of many gods before Islam was founded. After they went on their hajj to see the Kaaba. B 300 What is the main difference between Sunni and Shia Muslims? B 400 Shia believe the only decedents of Muhammad could be rightful rulers while Sunni accepted rulers who were not related to Muhammad. B 400 How did Muslims treat nonMuslims? How did this help their empire spread? B 500 Muslims were often tolerant of Christians letting them keep their religion as long as they paid additional taxes. This decreased the risk of rebellion as the empire spread. B 500 What effect did trade have on the growth of the Muslim Empire? C 100 It helped the empire spread by increasing contact between Arabia and the rest of the world. C 100 How did merchants help Islam to spread? C 200 By carrying their beliefs and sharing them with people in distant lands. C 200 How did the empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai rise to power? C 300 They all controlled the Salt for Gold trade at one time and made money off of it (often through taxes). C 300 What city was the center of trade and learning in West Africa? C 400 Timbuktu C 400 Why were Berbers willing to trade with the Songhai? C 500 They were both Muslim and therefore trusted each other more. C 500 What was the astrolabe used for? D 100 It was too to help find location on earth, make maps, and navigate at sea. D 100 How did Ar-Razi improve medicine? D 200 He studies small pox and measles, and taught people how to treat them. D 200 Name three or more Muslim contributions to math. D 300 Popularized the use of Arabic numerals. Names and popularized use of “zero.” Created algebra. D 300 Describe Córdoba and Bagdad. D 400 Both were important centers of Muslim trade and knowledge. D 400 Why were calligraphy, geometric design, and arabesque popular forms of Muslim art? D 500 They were popular because images of humans were not allowed in art (they were considered to be idols). D 500 What ruler made Mali famous and how? E 100 Mansa Musa made Mali famous though his hajj to Mecca. E 100 Why was silent barter useful? E 200 It allowed groups with different languages to trade and kept the location of gold mines a secret. E 200 Why did the people of Songhai overthrough Sunni Baru? E 300 It allowed people to who didn’t speak the same language to trade, kept the location of gold mines secret, and prevented conflict. E 300 In what two ways did Askia the Great change government is Songhai? E 400 He created a permanent standing army and specialized government offices. E 400 What factors led to Shonghai’s fall? E 500 Moroccan troops looted and destroyed Songhai cities. Trade patterns changed. Europe and took much of West African gold. E 500 How did Arabians adapt to life in the desert? F 100 Traveling across the desert or settling near oases. F 100 What three things do Christianity, Jewish, and Islam have in common? F 200 1) They believe in one God. 2) All have a holy book/s 3) Believe in some of the same prophets. F 200 What is the difference between the hegira and the hajj? F 300 The hegira was the journey of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina. The hajj is the pilgrimage or Muslims to Mecca. F 300 Which leader unifed Arabia into a Muslim state though battle? F 400 Abu Bakr F 400 What development allowed trading caravans to cross the Sahara more frequently. F 500 Camels F 500