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Islam
Pg 263-268
Muslim
A person who practices the religion of Islam
is a Muslim
 Religion = Islam
 Person = Muslim
(ie, Judaism & Jew, Christianity & Christian)
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Founder = Muhammad
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Name means “peace be upon him”
Believed to be a prophet
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Muslims believe in the Old Testament prophets
Abraham, Moses, David, etc.
Also believe that Jesus was a prophet
The Five Pillars of Islam
Shahada
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Declaration of faith
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A person becomes a Muslim
by making the basic
statement of testimony or
witness. “I testify that there is
no God but God, and I testify
that Muhammad is the
Messenger of God.”
Salah
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Prayer
Required five
specified times
each day facing Mecca.
Includes many body positions like
prostration with one’s forehead
touching the ground.
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House of worship is called a mosque
Men and women are separate
Must enter barefoot
Most important service is on Fridays at noon
Zakat
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Charity
Obligatory charitable
contribution of a percentage of your income
each year
Saum
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Fast from dawn to dusk each day during
the ninth month (Ramadan), Muslims are
not supposed to eat, drink, or engage in
sexual intercourse. This is a time of
spiritual renewal.
Hajj
Pilgrimage to Mecca
 Muslims duplicate the ritual first performed
by Abraham, including circling the sacred
shrine (Ka`ba), standing on the plain of
`Arafat, and offering a sacrifice.
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Holy Days
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Muharram
Ashura
Mawlid al-Nabi
Ramadan
Eid al-Fitr
Eid al-Adha
Quran
Written in Arabic
 contains 114 chapters
 The word of Allah revealed to Prophet
Muhammad through the Archangel
Gabriel
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Day of Judgment
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A day will come when the whole universe will be
destroyed and the dead will be resurrected for
judgment by God.
All people will be rewarded by God according to
their beliefs and deeds.
Those who die while believing that “There is no
true god but God, and Muhammad is the
Messenger (Prophet) of God” and are Muslim
will be rewarded on that day and will be admitted
to Paradise forever. All others will go to Hellfire.
Sunni vs. Shiite
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Sunni Muslims include 84%–90% of all
Muslims. Sunni means “tradition,” and Sunnis
regard themselves as those who emphasize
following the traditions of Muhammad and of
the first two generations of the community of
Muslims that followed Muhammad.
Shi`ite Muslims comprise 10%–16% of all Muslims. Shi`ites
are the “party of `Ali,” who believe that Muhammad’s son-inlaw `Ali was his designated successor (imam) and that the
Muslim community should be headed by a designated
descendent of Muhammad.