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Transcript
Spread of Islam Muhammad’s Farwell Address at the Mount of Mercy Following Muhammad Islamic leadership needs Abu Bakr (father-in-law) Establishment of Caliphs nd Caliph = Umar 2 rd Caliph = Uthman 3 Shiites versus Sunnis Ali (son-in-law) Mu’awiya (nephew to Uthman) Division between followers Shiite and Sunni Muslims The Umayyads Success of hereditary caliph Capital in Damascus Abd al-Malik (685-705 CE) Great Mosque of Damascus Great Mosque of Damascus Expansion of Islam and Jihad Conquered territory Middle Eastern / North African conquest European conquest Spain in 711 CE Battle of Tours in 732 CE Asian conquest Battle of Talas in 751 CE and into Indonesia Great Mosque at Cordoba, Spain Great Mosque at Cordoba, Spain Fall and Rise Umayyad Fall Internal issues over Arab favoritism Military defeats Split in Islam Corruption Abbasid Rise Uprising of nonArab Muslims Creation of new capital Increased trade New cultural outlook The Abbasids (750 to 1258) New line of Caliphs Capital in Baghdad Social and Political Change Centralized Islamic rule in the Middle East Capital in Baghdad Fall of Caliphs 900-1400 CE rule shattered Seljuk Turks Christian Crusaders Mongol Invasions ** Today Over 1 Billion Muslims
