Download Spread of Islam

Spread of Islam
Muhammad’s Farwell Address
at the Mount of Mercy
Following Muhammad
Islamic leadership needs
Abu Bakr (father-in-law)
Establishment of Caliphs
nd Caliph = Umar
2
rd Caliph = Uthman
3
Shiites versus Sunnis
Ali (son-in-law)
Mu’awiya (nephew to Uthman)
Division between followers
Shiite and Sunni Muslims
The Umayyads
Success of hereditary caliph
Capital in Damascus
Abd al-Malik (685-705 CE)
Great Mosque of Damascus
Great Mosque of Damascus
Expansion of Islam and Jihad
Conquered territory
Middle Eastern / North African conquest
European conquest
 Spain in 711 CE
 Battle of Tours in 732 CE
Asian conquest
 Battle of Talas in 751 CE and into
Indonesia
Great Mosque at Cordoba, Spain
Great Mosque at Cordoba, Spain
Fall and Rise
Umayyad Fall
 Internal issues
over Arab
favoritism
 Military defeats
 Split in Islam
 Corruption
Abbasid Rise
 Uprising of nonArab Muslims
 Creation of new
capital
 Increased trade
 New cultural
outlook
The Abbasids (750 to 1258)
New line of Caliphs
Capital in Baghdad
Social and Political Change
Centralized Islamic rule in
the Middle East
Capital in Baghdad
Fall of Caliphs
900-1400 CE rule shattered
Seljuk Turks
Christian Crusaders
Mongol Invasions
** Today Over 1 Billion Muslims