* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download The Layers of the Earth PPT
Survey
Document related concepts
Schiehallion experiment wikipedia , lookup
Geochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Post-glacial rebound wikipedia , lookup
History of geomagnetism wikipedia , lookup
Spherical Earth wikipedia , lookup
Magnetotellurics wikipedia , lookup
Tectonic–climatic interaction wikipedia , lookup
History of Earth wikipedia , lookup
History of geology wikipedia , lookup
Age of the Earth wikipedia , lookup
Future of Earth wikipedia , lookup
Plate tectonics wikipedia , lookup
Large igneous province wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
The Layers of the Earth! Earth Layers * The Earth is divided into four main layers. *Inner Core *Outer Core *Mantle *Crust The Crust * The Earth’s crust is like the skin of an apple. It is very thin compared to the other three layers. *The crust makes up 1% of the Earth. * The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called plates. The Crust * Outer layer * 5-100 km thick * 2 types of crust – Oceanic (very dense, made of basalt) – Continental (less dense, made of granite) Oceanic and Continental Crust The Mantle * The mantle is the layer below the crust. * The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth. * The mantle is divided into two regions: the upper and lower sections. The Mantle, continued • The upper mantle is further divided into 2 parts 1) The very top of the mantle is relatively cold & is rigid, so it is included with the crust and known as the lithosphere The Upper Mantle, cont. • 2) Just below the rigid lithosphere, there lies a layer of softer, weaker rock that is semi-solid— it flows VERY slowly • It is known as the asthenosphere • This is where the magma from volcanoes comes from. Mantle Magma & Convection Currents • The semi-solid rock at the top of the asthenosphere cools down, becomes more dense, & starts to sink. • The warmer, less dense magma rises up. • Convection currents are set up. Mantle Magma & Convection Currents • The semi-solid rock at the top of the asthenosphere cools down, becomes more dense, & starts to sink. • The warmer, less dense magma rises up. • Convection currents are set up. Lower Mantle The lower mantle The Core * Made mostly of iron * 1/3 of the earth’s mass * Very hot Outer Core * The core of the Earth is like a ball of very hot metals. * The outer core is liquid. * The outer core is made up of iron and is very dense. Inner Core * The inner core of the Earth has temperatures and pressures so great that the metals are squeezed together and are not able to move. * The inner core is a solid. Earth’s Layers * How are the earth’s layers similar to an egg? * Shell=crust * Egg white=mantle * Yolk=core Physical Structure of the Earth (5 Layers) * Lithosphere- rigid outer layer (crust and very top of mantle); sits on top of asthenosphere * Asthenosphere- solid rock that flows slowly (like hot asphalt) in the upper & middle part of the mantle * Mesosphere- middle layer – lower mantle rock that is hotter but harder than asthenosphere * Outer Core- liquid layer * Inner Core- solid, very dense Tectonic Plates * Earth’s crust is broken into about 19 pieces * These plates move on top of the asthenosphere Review 1) What are the four layers of the Earth? 2) The Earth’s crust is very ______? 3) The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth? True or False 4) Is the Outer Core a liquid or a solid? Answers! 1) Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core 2) Thin 3) True 4) Liquid