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Characteristics of Living Things Organism – any living thing Animal, Plant, Fungus, Bacteria or Protist • • • • • • • • • • • • All organisms are made of one or more cells Cells are the basic unit of structure and function To survive, need everything to work together. Levels of organization: Cells Tissues Organs Systems Organism Population Community Biome • All organisms have a method of making more of their own kind. • Some organisms need a partner some can reproduce by themselves. • Reproduction is necessary for the continuation of the species. • All organisms increase in size and/or weight. • Some living things have a period of growth, some grow for their entire life. • Development means to mature or to become more complex. • Metamorphosis and puberty are examples of development. • Organisms attempt to maintain a steady internal operating condition. • Temperature, water content, salt concentration, pH, pressure and chemical balance are all conditions monitored to maintain homeostasis. • Populations of living things change over time to survive in their environment. • The “best” organisms are the ones that survive to reproduce. • Natural Selection • “Survival of the fittest” • Events or conditions in the environment cause living things to react. • The events and changes in the environment are called Stimuli. • The reactions and adjustments are called responses. • All forms of life require energy to remain alive. • Stored energy is constantly used-up and must be replaced. • Autotrophs can make their own food through photosynthesis. • Heterotrophs must hunt and gather energy in the form of food. • Living things are either unicellular (one cell) or multicellular (more than one cell) • Living things can either make their own food/energy (autotroph) or need other sources to obtain food/energy (heterotroph.)