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Bio 328 Immunology
Cancer and the Immune
System
Human carcinogens:
1. Chemicals (mutagens)
2. Irradiation (UV, g-ray)
3. Viruses:
a) Human T cell Leukemia Virus
b) Human Herpes Virus 8
c) Human Papilloma Virus
d) Epstein-Bar Virus
e) Hepatitis B virus
Tasmanian Devil
(Sarcophilus harisii)
Transmissible facial tumor.
Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor:
EGF receptor oncogenes
(1) Overexpression of Her2
(human)
(2) Mutation of valine to
glutamine in
transmembrane domain:
constitutively active
(human)
(3) Loss of extracellular
domain: constitutively
active (mice.)
Dr. Janet D. Rowley and Dr. Timothy McKeithan (1973)
Dr. JD Rowley has
received numerous awards
and honors, including
most recently the
Presidential Medal of
Freedom from Pres. B.
Obama
Translocation (9, 22) creates the fusion protein of BCR
(function unknown) and Abl (cytoplasmic protein kinase
regulating actin polumerization). BCR-Abl is a protein
kinase with broad target specificity including JAK 2 and
STAT5.
Imatinib (GLEEVEC) is specific inhibitor of
BCR-Abl and is approved for treatment of
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia.
William Coley (centre) was the first to practise
cancer immunotherapy in 1890.
Coley vaccine:
Serratia marcescens
(prodigiosin)
Streptococcus
pyogenes
ProVenge.
ProVenge
Immunologist Karolina Palucka, at the Baylor Institute for Immunology
Research in Dallas, Texas, helped treat Nobel prizewinner Ralph Steinman's
pancreatic cancer with dendritic cells — the cells he co-discovered. Here
she explains the use of dendritic cells in cancer immunotherapy.
CTL attacking a cancer cell.
President Carter annmounces he is melanoma free after treatment with
OPDIO and Ipilumab. (Estimated cost: $150,000
CAR T cell therapy.
scFv = Single-chain Fv
Remote control of therapeutic T cells through a small
molecule-gated chimeric receptor.
Wu Chia-Yung et al. Science 16 October 2015 vol 350 p293.
The End