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Transcript
Why are recessive disorders more common than dominant ones? Agenda 1. Genetic disorders 2. Pedigrees What are the chances of 2 carriers of cystic fibrosis will have a child with CF? • The odds of one carrier (1/23.6) marrying another carrier (1/23.6) is 1/500 • The occurrence of CF is about 1/2000 How can we see the prevalence of a trait in a family over a long period of time? Agenda 1. Genetic Disorder Notes 2. Pedigrees Nondisjunction • Cell division chromosomes separate – Nondisjunction occurs when chromosomes fail to separate • More chromosomes than usual – Trisomy – set of three chromosomes of one kind – Monosomy – set of 1 chromosome Nondisjunction • Down Syndrome Pedigrees • Pedigree – diagram that traces the inheritance of a particular trait through several generations Pedigrees Symbols Analyzing Pedigrees Inferring Genotypes • Use pedigrees to infer genotypes – Determine genotype from phenotype – Dominant traits are easier to identify • dominant traits are exhibited in the phenotype • If good records have been kept you can predict disorders in future offspring Polydactyl – Dominant Disorder Questions • Is this trait dominant or recessive? Explain your answer. • Name the 2 individuals that were carriers of hemophilia • How are individuals III-1 and III-2 related? • How many children did individuals I-1 and I-2 have • How many girls did II-1 and II-2 have? How many have hemophilia? Is this a recessive or dominant trait? How are person II2 and II3 related? Agenda 1. Pedigree Review 2. Pedigree Practice 3. Movie The pedigree to the right shows a family’s pedigree for colorblindness (a sex linked trait) Which sex can be carriers of colorblindness and not have it? Why does individual IV-7 have colorblindness? Why do all the daughters in generation II carry the colorblind gene? IV Agenda 1.Finish yesterday’s movie 2.Lorenzo’s oil