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Aim: Why are Enzymes necessary for our survival? A+B C C A+B What role do enzymes play in our bodies? Enzymes speed up chemical reactions A+B C Let’s Review Chemical Reactions: • A+B Raw Materials C Products or • C A+B What Reaction is this? A+B AB + H2O Enzyme Dehydration Synthesis If an enzyme is added to the reaction, then it will speed up the reaction. In other words, we will produce AB more quickly. What is a Catalyst? A catalyst is any substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without itself being changed. Why are enzymes called organic catalysts? They are PROTEINS!! What are some important reactions that enzymes need to speed up? Digestion Photosynthesis Synthesis Cell Respiration How do enzymes work? AB Enzymes bind to the substance(substrate) so the chemical reaction can take place. ENZYME A+B AB What are Substrates and Active Sites? A+B AB AB Substrates-are the substances that bind to the enzyme Active Site- is the place on the enzyme where the substrates bind Think of enzymes and substrates as a lock and key Substrate Enzymes are specific! Enzyme Active Site Enzyme-Substrate Complex Enzyme Substrate Is formed when the substrate is bound to the enzyme Enzyme-substrate specificity Enzymes are SPECIFIC (in shape) for the SUBSTRATES they attach to, just like a lock and key. What do you think determines the shape of enzymes? Enzyme 1)The sequence (order) of amino acids in a protein determine its shape 2) The shape of a protein determines its function WHAT CHANGES? The enzyme A-B + H2Odoesn’t change, A + B it can be reused! What reaction is this? Enzyme Hydrolysis Some common enzymes PROTEIN protease AMINO ACIDS Hydrolysis Can you ID the substrate, product, enzyme, active site, & enzyme substrate complex? Active Site Substrate Enzyme – Substrate Complex Product Enzyme