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Warm-up 2-22-06
• Do you think you could survive on this
planet without plants? Explain..
The Energy Pyramid
Autotrophs
• An autotroph is an organism that can
produce their own food
• Plants are autotrophs because they make
their own food using sunlight
- their cells are designed for this, as they
have chloroplasts, an organelle that only
plant cells have
Heterotrophs
An organism that cannot make their own
food is called a heterotroph.
Examples: people, rabbits, lady bugs, birds,
dogs, cats, etc…
• The caterpillar is a heterotroph. To live,
grow, and perform other caterpillar
functions it needs energy from the plant’s
sugars.
Caterpillars are heterotrophs
Caterpillar eating a leaf..
So how do plants make their own
food?
In a process called photosynthesis
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• Plants take up carbon dioxide (CO2) and
release oxygen (O2) back into the air
• Humans breathe in oxygen and breathe
out carbon dioxide
Plant Cell
Chloroplasts- site of photosynthesis; this
is where energy from sunlight is captured to
make food for the plant
• Carnivore- an animal that eats meat only
• Herbivore- an animal that eats only plants
• Omnivore- an animal that eats both plants
and animals
Energy Pyramid
• So, do you think you could survive on this
earth without plants? Explain..
Did you get it?
Plants are ______because they
make their own food.
Plants are autotrophs because they make
their own food.
A cow is an example of
a/an__________because it cannot make its
own food.
A cow is a heterotroph because it cannot
make its own food. It needs to eat plants to
get energy to survive.
• Photosynthesis takes place in
the_____________.
chloroplasts
A bird eating a ladybug that nibbles on a leaf
of a plant, is an example of a _______
consumer.
secondary consumer
What three things are needed for
photosynthesis to take place?
sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
Add to your flip packet
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Autotrophs
Heterotrophs
Photosynthesis
Carnivore, omnivore, and herbivore
Energy Pyramid
1. Flips must include definitions.
2. Flips must include a sentence using the
word.
3. Flips must include a picture representing
the word.
4. Flips need to have color and be neat.
-5 points for each of the criteria
Objectives
• To distinguish between the male and
female parts of a flowering plant
• To understand what is pollination and how
to know the ways in which plants are
pollinated
Types of Plants
Seed Plants
• Gymnosperms are tree
shrubs that do not have
flowers
• Angiosperms are plants
that have flowers and
seeds that are protected
by fruit
Seedless Plants
• Seedless vascular plants,
example- fern, horsetails,
and club mosses
• Non vascular plants such
as liverworts and
hornworts
Pollination
• Pollination is when the pollen is released
from the anther and fertilizes the ovule in
the ovaries
Anthers contain pollen (sperm)
and the ovary contains the egg
Reproductive Parts
Male
• Filament- holds the
anthers
• Pollen-found in the
anthers; contains sperm
• Anthers- tip of the
filament- contains pollen
Female
• Stigma- sticky part that
traps in pollen and pulls it
downward
• Style- part of the plant
that pollen travels down
to reach the egg
• Ovule- becomes the
seed when fertilized by
sperm in pollen
• Ovary- stores the
ovule;part of the flowert
hat develops into the fruit
A fruit is a ripened ovary that
encloses one or more seeds..
How is a plant pollinated?
1. People can transfer pollen from one
flower to another, but most plants
pollinate without the help from people.
2. Usually they rely on animals, such as
birds, bees, flies, and other insects to
pollinate them.
• The animals don’t mean to pollinate the
plants- it happens accidentally. When they
go to the base of the petal to get food
(nectar) some of the sticky pollen rubs off
on them, and they carry it with them to the
next plant they feed off of. Then some of
the pollen on them can rub off onto the
stigma of another plant and fertilize its
ovules.
Bees pollinating a flower..
A butterfly looking for nectar..
will pollinate a flower without knowing it.
Energy Pyramid
• The zygote then begins to develop into the
seeds embryo
• As the seed develops, the ovary changes
into the fruit
• What are the male parts of a plant?
• What are the female parts of a plant?
• Which part of the plant becomes the fruit?
• What is pollination? Explain..