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PLANTAE Vocabulary • Autotroph: An organism that can make its own food • Fertilization: Joining of a sperm and an egg cell • Phloem: Vascular tubes that carry food throughout the plant • Photosynthesis: the process plants use to produce glucose (food) for themselves and oxygen for the air Vocabulary • Pollination: the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma in a flower • Transpiration: the releasing of excess water in the form of a gas from the plants leaves • Xylem: vascular tubes that transport water and minerals throughout the plant Characteristics • Multicellular • Autotrophs or Producers ______________________ Cell _____ Wall and • Cells have ____ Chloroplasts _____________ • Colors can be vibrant to attract insects and birds for pollination Structure A: Leaf (Fill in Chart) – Site for photosynthesis – Called food factories B: Stem – Support: for the leaves; used in transport – Stores food • Ex: celery Structure (Fill in Chart) C: Roots – Anchor: holds plant in soil – Absorbs: water and minerals – Some plants store food • Ex: potatoes, carrots, turnips Photosynthesis • Process by which green plants use carbon dioxide, water, and light energy from the Sun to produce glucose (food) and oxygen Leaf • Occurs in the plant’s ______ Photosynthesis • Provides most of the atmospheric _____________ Oxygen O2 • Equation: Sunlight 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + O2 ------------------- Chlorophyll • What food do green plants make? Glucose • What organelle contains chlorophyll? Chloroplasts • What gas in the air is produced by plants? Oxygen Transportation • Phloem-Transports____ Food from the leaves to the rest of the plant • Xylem-Transports Water ____ and _______________from the Dissolved minerals roots to the rest of the plant Transpiration • Process of _______loss Water through the plant’s ___________________ Leaves----stomata Flowers Female part of the • Pistil-_______ flower that produces the __________ eggs • Stamen-______ male part of the flower that produces the __________________ Pollen grains--sperm Flowers Pollination • _____________transfer of Pollen from the stamen to the ______ pistil - How? Wind, insects, birds, bats, even water • Fertilization ___________- joining of a sperm and an egg cell, occurs after pollination Flowers • Once the egg is fertilized, it develops into a ______ Seed and the ovary develops into a ______ to protect the seeds Fruit •Seeds are dispersed (Spread) by wind, water, gravity, and animals Seeds • Structure • • • • A Seed Coat :________ protective covering Food B-Cotyledon: Stored _______ C-Embryo root D-First Leaves Germination – the development of the seed into a plant Seeds • Conifers-seeds are exposed in a _______ Cone Flowering plants, • Angiosperms- _________ Fruit seeds are protected in a ________ Ecological Succession • Changes in a community that occurs over a long period of time • Going from a state of grasses to a forest • Example: Burning of Long Island Pine Barrens Review - Motion • Objects in motion stay in motion unless acted on by an outside force • Friction opposes motion to slow an object down • To reduce friction you can add wheels to an object, make the surface smooth, or lubricate (oil, grease, or wax) the surface