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1.
2.
The process in which water exits the
leaf through the stomata is called
_____________
transpiration
Stomata are tiny ______
holes located on
lower epidermal layer of the
the ________
leave. The location of the stomata
prevents too much ________
water loss
Leaf adaptation and
flowers
Ms Jan
Leaves are designed to:
Catch as much sunlight as
possible – wide and flat
 Use as much sunlight as possible
– thin with lots of chlorophyll
 Allow CO2 in and O2 out –
stomata and air spaces

Gas exchange
Guard cells
Guard cells (guards the stomata)
control how much air and water
enter and leave the leaves. If a
plant loses too much water it
wilts.
The cuticle (waxy layer on the top)
also stops water loss.
Plant structure
Plants are designed to spread out
their leaves to get as much
sunlight as possible without
blocking other leaves – usually
a pyramid shape.
Flowers
The sex organs of
plants
MALE
POLLINATION
FEMALE
Pollination
Pollination happens when pollen
from the anther (male part) lands
on the stigma (female part).
After the pollen lands on the stigma
it germinates and grows a pollen
tube down to the ovary.
Pollen
Fertilisation
Fertilisation is when the pollen (sperm)
meets the ovule (egg)
The result is a fertilised ovule – a seed
Glossary

Flower, Stem, Leaf, Roots, Phloem,
Xylem, Osmosis, Transpiration, Wilt,
Photosynthesis, Respiration,
Deforestation, Gymnosperm,
Angiosperm, Monocotyledon,
Dicotyledon, Moss, Algae, Liverwort,
Stomata, Cuticle, Guard cell, Epidermal
layer, Spongy layer, Palisade, Carbon
dioxide, Chlorophyll, Chloroplast