Download Virus Notes (18.2)

Viruses (18.2)
State Standard
SB3D. Compare & contrast viruses with living
organisms.
Viruses—An Exception
 A virus is a nucleic acid (__________)
surrounded by a protein coat (__________).
Why aren’t they considered to be living?
 Viruses are _______________, nor are they
made of cells.
 Viruses __________________ without a
__________ cell.
 Viruses __________ the machinery needed to
carry out the functions of life.
 Because viruses are __________, they usually
are not placed in the biological classification
system.
More virus traits…

the core can be made
of _____ or _____ (but
never both!)

very __________

NOT __________
Can reproduce by
__________ living
cells.
The capsid helps the
virus __________ to
the host cell.


E. Coli and the
Bacteriophage
What it looks like in real life
There are two types of viral
infection cycles:
• __________ (Active)
• __________ (Dormant)
Lytic (active) Infection



Virus __________ the host cell.
Virus makes __________ of itself.
The new copies cause the cell to
__________.
The
Lytic
Cycle
Lysogenic (dormant) Infection




A virus __________ its DNA into the
DNA of the host cell.
The virus’s __________ is __________
(copied) along with the host cell’s DNA.
The cell does NOT __________
immediately.
Certain conditions can cause the
__________ virus to __________ to an
active lytic cycle.
The
Lysogenic
Cycle



Viruses often cause observable __________
Antibiotics are __________ against viruses,
because viruses are not __________
Ex. AIDS, Smallpox, Polio, Measles, the
Common Cold
Vaccines


Since viruses can’t be cured, our only
defense against them is __________
We accomplish this through the use of
__________

Vaccines contain a __________ or
__________ form of the virus that is
__________ into the body.
Retrovirus



Changes DNA
into __________
Mutates quickly
And example of a
Retrovirus is
__________