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SNC 1DI Practice Test: Astronomy True/False As viewed from your location in Canada, the Sun comes directly overhead at noon. a. True b. False As viewed from your location in Canada, the Sun comes directly overhead at noon. a. True b. False All planets revolve around the Sun in the same direction. a. true b. false All planets revolve around the Sun in the same direction. a. true b. false Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun. a. true b. false Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun. a. true b. false Meteors are made visible by the Earth’s atmosphere. a. true b. false Meteors are made visible by the Earth’s atmosphere. a. true b. false Pluto is now known as a “Dwarf Planet”. a. true b. false Pluto is now known as a “Dwarf Planet”. a. true b. false Matching A piece of space debris that falls to Earth Largest planet in our solar system Cloud of gas or dust Process of energy production in a star A piece of space debris that burns up in the atmosphere A meteorite B meteor C nebula D fusion E Jupiter A A piece of space debris that falls to Earth Largest planet in our solar system Cloud of gas or dust Process of energy production in a star A piece of space debris that burns up in the atmosphere A meteorite B meteor C nebula D fusion E Jupiter A E A piece of space debris that falls to Earth Largest planet in our solar system Cloud of gas or dust Process of energy production in a star A piece of space debris that burns up in the atmosphere A meteorite B meteor C nebula D fusion E Jupiter A E C A piece of space debris that falls to Earth Largest planet in our solar system Cloud of gas or dust Process of energy production in a star A piece of space debris that burns up in the atmosphere A meteorite B meteor C nebula D fusion E Jupiter A E C D A piece of space debris that falls to Earth Largest planet in our solar system Cloud of gas or dust Process of energy production in a star A piece of space debris that burns up in the atmosphere A meteorite B meteor C nebula D fusion E Jupiter A E C D B A piece of space debris that falls to Earth Largest planet in our solar system Cloud of gas or dust Process of energy production in a star A piece of space debris that burns up in the atmosphere A meteorite B meteor C nebula D fusion E Jupiter Collection of billions A of stars Most abundant B element in stars Greenhouse gas C asteroids Great red spot D Galaxy Found between Mars and Jupiter E Jupiter Carbon dioxide Hydrogen D Collection of billions A of stars Most abundant B element in stars Greenhouse gas C asteroids Great red spot D Galaxy Found between Mars and Jupiter E Jupiter Carbon dioxide Hydrogen D C Collection of billions A of stars Most abundant B element in stars Greenhouse gas C asteroids Great red spot D Galaxy Found between Mars and Jupiter E Jupiter Carbon dioxide Hydrogen D C B Collection of billions A of stars Most abundant B element in stars Greenhouse gas C asteroids Great red spot D Galaxy Found between Mars and Jupiter E Jupiter Carbon dioxide Hydrogen D asteroids B Collection of billions A of stars Most abundant B element in stars Greenhouse gas C E Great red spot D Galaxy Found between Mars and Jupiter E Jupiter C Carbon dioxide Hydrogen D asteroids B Collection of billions A of stars Most abundant B element in stars Greenhouse gas C E Great red spot D Galaxy A Found between Mars and Jupiter E Jupiter C Carbon dioxide Hydrogen Multiple Choice Which planet has polar ice caps and old, dry river valleys? A. Mars B. Jupiter C. Saturn D. Mercury Which planet has polar ice caps and old, dry river valleys? A. Mars B. Jupiter C. Saturn D. Mercury Tides are caused by A. Earth’s rotation B. Moon’s gravity C. Earth’s atmosphere D. Moon’s rotation on its axis Tides are caused by A. Earth’s rotation B. Moon’s gravity C. Earth’s atmosphere D. Moon’s rotation on its axis Which of the following has no atmosphere? A. Mercury B. Venus C. Mars D. Jupiter Which of the following has no atmosphere? A. Mercury B. Venus C. Mars D. Jupiter The astronomical unit (AU) is the A. distance from Earth to the Sun B. time for light to travel from the Sun to Earth C. distance from Earth to the Moon D. distance from sun to Pluto The astronomical unit (AU) is the A. distance from Earth to the Sun B. time for light to travel from the Sun to Earth C. distance from Earth to the Moon D. distance from sun to Pluto The time it takes for the Earth to go around the Sun is about . . . a. 24 hours b. 1 week c. 365 days d. 1 month The time it takes for the Earth to go around the Sun is about . . . a. 24 hours b. 1 week c. 365 days d. 1 month The time it takes for the Moon to go around the Earth is about . . . a. 24 hours b. 1 week c. 365 days d. 1 month The time it takes for the Moon to go around the Earth is about . . . a. 24 hours b. 1 week c. 365 days d. 1 month The time it takes for the Earth to spin once on its axis is about . . . a. 24 hours b. 1 week c. 365 days d. 1 month The time it takes for the Earth to spin once on its axis is about . . . a. 24 hours b. 1 week c. 365 days d. 1 month Day and night are caused by . . . a. the Earth orbiting around the Sun b. the Sun orbiting the Earth c. the tilt of the Earth on its axis d. the Earth rotating on its axis Day and night are caused by . . . a. the Earth orbiting around the Sun b. the Sun orbiting the Earth c. the tilt of the Earth on its axis d. the Earth rotating on its axis All stars begin as what material? a. nebula b. iron c. various liquids d. asteroids All stars begin as what material? a. nebula b. iron c. various liquids d. asteroids Which of the following is the smallest? a. solar system b. galaxy c. planet d. universe Which of the following is the smallest? a. solar system b. galaxy c. planet d. universe The closest star after our Sun is Alpha Proxima. It is 4.2 light years away. How long would it take for us to get a message back if we sent it with light pulses and they replied immediately? a. 4.2 days b. 4.2 years c. 8.4 years d. 100 years The closest star after our Sun is Alpha Proxima. It is 4.2 light years away. How long would it take for us to get a message back if we sent it with light pulses and they replied immediately? a. 4.2 days b. 4.2 years c. 8.4 years d. 100 years A nebula is mostly made up of . . . a. asteroids b. stars c. gas and dust d. meteors A nebula is mostly made up of . . . a. asteroids b. stars c. gas and dust d. meteors Seasons are caused by: a. the Earth orbiting around the Sun b. the Sun orbiting around the Earth c. the tilt of the Earth on its axis d. the Earth rotating on its axis Seasons are caused by: a. the Earth orbiting around the Sun b. the Sun orbiting around the Earth c. the tilt of the Earth on its axis d. the Earth rotating on its axis The international space station will be as big as . . . a. 1 football field b. 2 football fields c. Bluevale Collegiate d. 1 tennis court The international space station will be as big as . . . a. 1 football field b. 2 football fields c. Bluevale Collegiate d. 1 tennis court The international space station will be able to hold up to _____ astronauts? a. 2 b. 7 c. 9 d. 11 The international space station will be able to hold up to _____ astronauts? a. 2 b. 7 c. 9 d. 11 Which of these planets is mostly made up of gas? a. Venus b. Saturn c. Mercury d. Earth Which of these planets is mostly made up of gas? a. Venus b. Saturn c. Mercury d. Earth At which location does the “Midnight Sun” occur . . . a. Arctic Circle b. Prime Meridian c. Equator d. Tropic of Cancer At which location does the “Midnight Sun” occur . . . a. Arctic Circle b. Prime Meridian c. Equator d. Tropic of Cancer Some regions of the Sun are cooler and therefore appear to be darker than their surrounding. These are known as . . . a. solar flares b. solar prominences c. solar winds d. Sun spots Some regions of the Sun are cooler and therefore appear to be darker than their surrounding. These are known as . . . a. solar flares b. solar prominences c. solar winds d. Sun spots What is the shortest day of the year in Canada, in terms of sunlight? a. June 21 b. December 21 c. March 21 d. September 21 What is the shortest day of the year in Canada, in terms of sunlight? a. June 21 b. December 21 c. March 21 d. September 21 A comet’s tail is always facing away from the Sun. a. True b. False A comet’s tail is always facing away from the Sun. a. True b. False During a Solar eclipse the Moon is blocked by the shadow of the Earth. a. True b. False During a Solar eclipse the Moon is blocked by the shadow of the Earth. a. True b. False The Outer planets are known as the terrestrial planets. a. True b. False The Outer planets are known as the terrestrial planets. a. True b. False Which of the following correctly ranks astronomical objects by size, starting with the smallest? A. Earth, sun, solar system, galaxy, universe B. Sun, solar system, Earth, universe, galaxy C. Universe, galaxy, solar system, Earth, sun D. Solar system, Earth, sun, universe, galaxy Which of the following correctly ranks astronomical objects by size, starting with the smallest? A. Earth, sun, solar system, galaxy, universe B. Sun, solar system, Earth, universe, galaxy C. Universe, galaxy, solar system, Earth, sun D. Solar system, Earth, sun, universe, galaxy Our nearest star neighbor in space, Alpha Centauri, is four light years from Earth. Why will it be difficult to visit? A. B. C. D. It is very bright and hot. We are not sure exactly where it is. There may be no planets near it. It is very far away. Our nearest star neighbor in space, Alpha Centauri, is four light years from Earth. Why will it be difficult to visit? A. B. C. D. It is very bright and hot. We are not sure exactly where it is. There may be no planets near it. It is very far away. What are galaxies made of? A. moons and planets B. two stars orbiting each other C. about one hundred stars D. many millions of stars What are galaxies made of? A. moons and planets B. two stars orbiting each other C. about one hundred stars D. many millions of stars Why are distances in space often measured in light years? A. The light year is a commonly used unit of measure. B. Distances in space are so great that a large unit is needed. C. Scientists always use metric units like light years. D. Light years are easy to measure and understand. Why are distances in space often measured in light years? A. The light year is a commonly used unit of measure. B. Distances in space are so great that a large unit is needed. C. Scientists always use metric units like light years. D. Light years are easy to measure and understand. Why does the air temperature rise in the summer? A. We are closer to the sun. B. The air becomes thicker and more dense. C. The sun’s rays are more direct and days are longer. D. The ratio of the hours of daylight to the hours of night is reduced. Why does the air temperature rise in the summer? A. We are closer to the sun. B. The air becomes thicker and more dense. C. The sun’s rays are more direct and days are longer. D. The ratio of the hours of daylight to the hours of night is reduced. Why is it summer in the Southern Hemisphere when it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere? The Southern Hemisphere is A. closest to the sun. B. receiving the most direct rays from the sun. C. on a path of warm winds from the North. D. balancing out the temperatures for Earth. Why is it summer in the Southern Hemisphere when it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere? The Southern Hemisphere is A. closest to the sun. B. receiving the most direct rays from the sun. C. on a path of warm winds from the North. D. balancing out the temperatures for Earth. In what month would K-W have the greatest number of daylight hours per day? A. January B. June C. September D. December In what month would K-W have the greatest number of daylight hours per day? A. January B. June C. September D. December In what month would K-W experience the same amount of light and dark hours A. January B. June C. September D. December In what month would K-W experience the same amount of light and dark hours A. January B. June C. September D. December Which of the following statements best describes how the planets of the solar system formed? A. They are condensed rings of matter thrown off by the young Sun. B. They are the remains of an exploded star once paired with the Sun. C. The Sun captured them from smaller, older nearby stars. D. They formed from a nebular cloud of dust and gas. Which of the following statements best describes how the planets of the solar system formed? A. They are condensed rings of matter thrown off by the young Sun. B. They are the remains of an exploded star once paired with the Sun. C. The Sun captured them from smaller, older nearby stars. D. They formed from a nebular cloud of dust and gas. Which planet was formed from the light gases of the outer solar nebula? A. Mars C. Venus B. Mercury D. Uranus Which planet was formed from the light gases of the outer solar nebula? A. Mars C. Venus B. Mercury D. Uranus What is the source of energy for the Sun? A. hydrogen fusion B. internal combustion C. nuclear fission of Metals D. burning of solar gases What is the source of energy for the Sun? A. hydrogen fusion B. internal combustion C. nuclear fission of Metals D. burning of solar gases Which of the following units are in the correct order from largest to smallest? A. Light year, AU, km B. Light year, km, AU C. km, light year, AU D. km, AU, light year Which of the following units are in the correct order from largest to smallest? A. Light year, AU, km B. Light year, km, AU C. km, light year, AU D. km, AU, light year One characteristic all the gas planets share is A. solid surface. B. presence of water and ice. C. rings. D. evidence of volcanic activity. One characteristic all the gas planets share is A. solid surface. B. presence of water and ice. C. rings. D. evidence of volcanic activity. Short Answer: Write a sentence or a short paragraph to answer each of the following questions. What is the distance from the Sun to Mars in kilometres? 1 AU = 150 000 000 km Mars = 1.4 AU from the Sun What is the distance from the Sun to Mars in kilometres? 1 AU = 150 000 000 km Mars = 1.4 AU from the Sun = 1.4 AU x 150 000 000 km = 210 000 000 km The distance from the Sun to mars is 1.4 AU. The distance from the Sun to Jupiter is 4.48 AU. How much farther away is Jupiter from the Sun than Mars in kilometres? The distance from the Sun to mars is 1.4 AU. The distance from the Sun to Jupiter is 4.48 AU. How much farther away is Jupiter from the Sun than Mars? Jupiter is 4.48 AU - 1.4 AU = 3.08 AU = 3.08 AU x 150 000 000 km = 462 000 000 km Calculate the length of one day on Uranus (in Earth-hours) if Uranus rotates in 0.72 Earth-days. (1 Earth-day = 24 hours) Calculate the length of one day on Uranus (in Earth-hours) if Uranus rotates in 0.72 Earth-days. (1 Earth-day = 24 hours) Day on Uranus = 24 hours/Earth-day x 0.72 Earth-days = 17.28 hours How long is one year on Venus in months if one year on Venus is 0.60 Earth-years? (1 Earth-year = 12 months) How long is one year on Venus in months if one year on Venus is 0.60 Earth-years? (1 Earth-year = 12 months) One Year on Venus = 12 months/Earth-year x 0.60 Earth-years = 7.2 months If you were 17 years old on Earth, how old would you be on Venus? If you were 17 years old on Earth, how old would you be on Venus? On Earth = 17 years x 12 months/year = 204 months If you were 17 years old on Earth, how old would you be on Venus? On Earth = 17 years x 12 months/year = 204 months On Venus (One Year is 7.2 months) If you were 17 years old on Earth, how old would you be on Venus? On Earth = 17 years x 12 months/year = 204 months On Venus (One Year is 7.2 months) = 204 months / 7.2 months/year = 28.3 years Name this phase of the Moon. Name this phase of the Moon. • First quarter Name this phase of the Moon. Name this phase of the Moon. • full moon Name this phase of the Moon. Name this phase of the Moon. • Waxing crescent Name this phase of the Moon. Name this phase of the Moon. • Waxing gibbous What causes the phases of the Moon? What causes the phases of the Moon? • The amount of reflected light we see from the Earth List the terrestrial planets in order starting from the planet closest to the Sun. List the terrestrial planets in order starting from the planet closest to the Sun. • Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars a. Name the following planet. b. Write one special characteristic about this plant. a. Name the following planet. • Jupiter b. Write one special characteristic about this plant. a. Name the following planet. • Jupiter b. Write one special characteristic about this plant. • Great red spot a. Name the following planet. b. Write one special characteristic about this planet. a. Name the following planet. • Mars b. Write one special characteristic about this planet. a. Name the following planet. • Mars b. Write one special characteristic about this planet. • Seasons, polar ice caps dust storms, iron in soil a. Name the following planet. b. Write one special characteristic about this planet. a. Name the following planet. • Saturn b. Write one special characteristic about this planet. a. Name the following planet. • Saturn b. Write one special characteristic about this planet. • Rings a. Name the following planet. b. How many moons does this planet have? c. Write one special characteristic about this planet. a. Name the following planet. • Earth b. How many moons does this planet have? c. Write one special characteristic about this planet. a. Name the following planet. • Earth b. How many moons does this planet have? • one c. Write one special characteristic about this planet. a. Name the following planet. • Earth b. How many moons does this planet have? • one c. Write one special characteristic about this planet. • life a. Name the following planet. b. Write one special characteristic about this planet. a. Name the following planet. • Neptune b. Write one special characteristic about this planet. a. Name the following planet. • Neptune b. Write one special characteristic about this planet. • Great dark spot a. What type of eclipse is shown by the following picture? (solar or lunar) b. How must the Sun, Earth and Moon be positioned for this eclipse to occur? a. What type of eclipse is shown by the following picture? (solar or lunar) • solar b. How must the Sun, Earth and Moon be positioned for this eclipse to occur? a. What type of eclipse is shown by the following picture? (solar or lunar) • solar b. How must the Sun, Earth and Moon be positioned for this eclipse to occur? • Moon is between the Sun and Earth Using your knowledge of the planet data base. Answer the following questions. a. What happens to the temperature as we move further away from the Sun? b. Which planet does not fit this trend? c. Explain why the above planet’s temperature does not follow the trend? Using your knowledge of the planet data base. Answer the following questions. a. What happens to the temperature as we move further away from the Sun? • becomes colder b. Which planet does not fit this trend? c. Explain why the above planet’s temperature does not follow the trend? Using your knowledge of the planet data base. Answer the following questions. a. What happens to the temperature as we move further away from the Sun? • becomes colder b. Which planet does not fit this trend? • Venus c. Explain why the above planet’s temperature does not follow the trend? Using your knowledge of the planet data base. Answer the following questions. a. What happens to the temperature as we move further away from the Sun? • becomes colder b. Which planet does not fit this trend? • Venus c. Explain why the above planet’s temperature does not follow the trend? • runaway greenhouse effect due to carbon dioxide Use the spectral patterns provided to determine the contents of the unknown stars. Use the spectral patterns provided to determine the contents of the unknown stars. Star #1 – H, He, Na Star #2 – H, He, Hg List the stages of the formation of a solar system according to the solar nebula theory. List the stages of the formation of a solar system according to the solar nebula theory. •spaces between stars is filled with gas and dust •a dense area is called a Nebula mostly Hydrogen List the stages of the formation of a solar system according to the solar nebula theory. •spaces between stars is filled with gas and dust •a dense area is called a Nebula mostly Hydrogen •gravity pulls everything together and the gas and dust collapse everything is pulled towards the middle •the cloud spins faster and faster List the stages of the formation of a solar system according to the solar nebula theory. •spaces between stars is filled with gas and dust •a dense area is called a Nebula mostly Hydrogen •gravity pulls everything together and the gas and dust collapse everything is pulled towards the middle •the cloud spins faster and faster •little pockets of gas accumulate and spin in the same direction as the cloud (will form planets) as the gases in the center compress the temperature rises to 10 000 000 oC and the star will ignite List the stages of the formation of a solar system according to the solar nebula theory. •spaces between stars is filled with gas and dust •a dense area is called a Nebula mostly Hydrogen •gravity pulls everything together and the gas and dust collapse everything is pulled towards the middle •the cloud spins faster and faster •little pockets of gas accumulate and spin in the same direction as the cloud (will form planets) as the gases in the center compress the temperature rises to 10 000 000 oC and the star will ignite •solar winds from the new star blow away most of the hydrogen and helium from the inner regions leaving chunks of heavy matter •these chunks keep colliding with each other and grow in size to eventually become the inner planets • lighter more volatile elements (Hydrogen, Helium) are distributed in the outer regions forming the outer planets remaining matter makes up asteroids, meteors and comets Describe starting from its formation to its final end the lifecycle of a star 25 solar masses bigger than our Sun. Describe starting from its formation to its final end the lifecycle of a star 25 solar masses bigger than our Sun. MASSIVE STARS Massive stars have much more gravitational pressure on the core... they consume hydrogen much quicker the core temperatures are very high Describe starting from its formation to its final end the lifecycle of a star 25 solar masses bigger than our Sun. MASSIVE STARS Massive stars have much more gravitational pressure on the core... they consume hydrogen much quicker the core temperatures are very high the outer surface is very large...a BLUE-WHITE GIANT Describe starting from its formation to its final end the lifecycle of a star 25 solar masses bigger than our Sun. MASSIVE STARS Massive stars have much more gravitational pressure on the core... they consume hydrogen much quicker the core temperatures are very high the outer surface is very large...a BLUE-WHITE GIANT when fuel runs out the star collapses and explodes...SUPERNOVA Describe starting from its formation to its final end the lifecycle of a star 25 solar masses bigger than our Sun. MASSIVE STARS Massive stars have much more gravitational pressure on the core... they consume hydrogen much quicker the core temperatures are very high the outer surface is very large...a BLUE-WHITE GIANT when fuel runs out the star collapses and explodes...SUPERNOVA small remaining cores collapse into NEUTRON STAR larger remaining cores collapse into BLACK HOLES