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PROGRAM NOTES & COMPOSER BIOGRAPHIES: BALTAKAS—PASAKA A person tells a story. For himself, for someone else—it’s not important. What’s important is the desire to tell the story. The necessity! Itself a fairy-tale too... The text of Pasaka is based on different parts of Indian mythology—creation of the world, creation of the night, the birth of death, Markandea’s visions, etc. But the relationship between them—succession, presence of the speaker, evolution in the music—create a new dramaturgic level, one which is no less important than the basic story. The piece can only be performed in the original language: by using a text in Lithuanian, the composer attempts to distance the audience from the narrative so that they could use their fantasy and listen to the MUSICAL act. –Vykintas Baltakas * * * After his composition and conducting studies in Lithuania, Vykintas Baltakas (b. 1972) went on to study abroad in the early 1990s, and gradually became successfully integrated in the international music scene. His musical style has been significantly influenced not only by his studies with Wolfgang Rihm and Peter Eötvös but also by his experiences as a conductor specializing in contemporary music repertoire. Compositions by Vykintas Baltakas are characterized by precise research and subsequent deliberate manipulation of the musical material. He does not try to conform to any stylistic conventions and establishes his own musical criteria for each work. His oeuvre also contains some elements of theatre, wit, and irony. However, each work by this highly self-critical composer is extremely tightly structured. Baltakas often reworks his pieces after the premiere, making his whole oeuvre look like a single large-scale work in progress. *** *** *** *** *** BRUZDOWICZ — ÉROTIQUES Written in 1966, Érotiques is one of my early works. A set of five self-contained pieces, it is a loosely constructed cycle that explores sensitive and delicate sonorities. Marta Korecka, a well-known Polish pianist for whom the cycle was written, was in love and requested that the work be given this particular title. Since its premiere, over ninety pianists have performed and recorded this work worldwide.— Joanna Bruzdowicz * * * Joanna Bruzdowicz (b. 1943) began to compose at the age of six and studied composition with Kazimierz Sikorski and piano with Irena Protasiewicz and Wanda Osakiewicz at the State Higher School of Music in Warsaw, where she received her M.A. in 1966. Shortly thereafter Bruzdowicz travelled on a scholarship from the French government to study with Nadia Boulanger, Oliver Messiaen and Pierre Schaeffer. While in Paris, she joined the electro-acoustic Groupe de Recherches Musicales and wrote her doctoral thesis Mathematics and Logic in Contemporary Music at the Sorbonne. After first settling in Belgium, Ms. Bruzdowicz now divides her time between Paris and southern France. Bruzdowicz’s catalogue of compositions includes several operas, ballets, symphonic and chamber music, works for children, and numerous soundtracks for film and television. Her music has been praised for its “poetic palette of sound” and for being “ultramodern and refined” while remaining expressive and personal. Bruzdowicz’s Stabat Mater written in 1993 for a special ceremony held at Forest Lawn Memorial in Glendale, California, was attended by city and county representatives, members of the Polish government, and over one thousand of guests. This choral work is dedicated to the founder of the Polish Music Center, Wanda Wilk. In 2001 Bruzdowicz received the highest distinction from the Polish government, the Order of Polonia Restituta, for her contribution to Polish culture that included producing radio programs for radio stations in France, Germany, Belgium, Italy, Spain and the United States. Ms. Bruzdowicz is a co-founder of various musical organizations, including the Chopin and Szymanowski Association in Belgium, Jeunesses Musicales in Poland, GIMEP in France, and the International Encounters in Music in Catalonia. Active as music critic and guest lecturer in composition around the world, Ms. Bruzdowicz is also a recipient of numerous commissions, including the Bastia Opera in Corsica, where her latest largescale work, Lella—Oratorio Profane was world-premiered in November of 2011. Four of Joanna Bruzdowicz’s works, Trio dei Due Mondi, Tre Contre Tre, Piano Concerto, and Marlos Grosso Brasileiras were donated by the composer in 1986 and 2003, and are held in the Manuscript Collection of the Polish Music Center. *** *** *** *** *** ČIURLIONIS—FIVE CHARACTER PIECES Mikalojus Čiurlionis’ piano works are impressively numerous and short. There exist over 200 works for the instrument, the majority of them character pieces. While Čiurlionis did create some larger works, his output is heavily dominated by these miniatures that are nevertheless just as concentrated in ideas as the longer pieces; the Prelude in B minor, Op. 26/1, for example passes through a complete initial theme, an answer, and a varied restatement of the initial theme, all in a minute and a half. It was as though the composer didn’t want to overstay his welcome. Čiurlionis often favors very dense textures, worthy of his contemporary Alexander Scriabin, and he shares the same concern with Scriabin in regard to harmonic color and polyrhythm. The Five Character Pieces presented today are representative of Čiurlionis’ perpetually evolving style. It is natural to wonder what heights he may have reached had his life continued past the age of thirty-six. [Notes by Aron Kallay] * * * Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis (1875–1911) is the most seminal and emblematic figure in the history of Lithuania’s national culture. At the junction of the 19th and the 20th centuries he embodied the aspirations of a national revival movement and linked them with the latest tendencies in European art of the time. As a composer, he was educated at the Music Institute in Warsaw and at the Leipzig Conservatory. But later in his life, Čiurlionis’ ambition to become a professional artist started interfering increasingly with his work as a composer. Čiurlionis first became known for his pioneering paintings, in which he synthesized his musical experiences and often gave musical titles (e.g. Prelude, Fugue and Sonata) to the most visionary among his works. It was only later that he became generally regarded as the first modern Lithuanian composer who incorporated national elements and some constructivist principles in the series of expressive piano miniatures, written in the late romantic idiom (1905–1909). Olivier Messiaen referred to him as to “a remarkable composer of music and paintings,” noting an unusual and deep linkage between his works of music and art. Čiurlionis composed the first Lithuanian symphonic works—Miške (In the Forest, 1902) and Jūra (The Sea, 1907)—which remain the most popular Lithuanian orchestral pieces to this day. His ideas about Lithuanian national art and its future became ideological statements for generations to come. In his articles and letters, he emphasized the significance of archaic folklore to the cultivation of modern art: “Our credo is our age-old songs and our music of the future.” Čiurlionis’ legacy of paintings, graphic art, musical and literary works, remains an inexhaustible source of influence and inspiration to many generations of Lithuanian artists. *** *** *** *** *** DEBUSSY — SONATA FOR VIOLIN AND PIANO The cycle of chamber Sonatas by Claude Debussy dates from the last three years of his life. With his plans for six such works were cut short by cancer, only three of the Sonatas for chamber ensembles (cello and piano; flute, viola and harp; and violin and piano) were actually completed. Written in 1917, the Sonata for Violin and Piano was premiered on May 5, 1917, with violinist Gaston Poulet and the composer. It was Debussy’s last work and the May 1917 concert was his last public performance. The Sonata has three brief movements, Allegro vivo, Intermède: Fantasque et léger, and Finale: Très animé. Just like the other two Sonatas, the moods here are generally introspective and finely-etched, whilst the harmonic language is distinctly modal and instrumental textures are deliberately spare. The opening movement’s piano chords set a chain of harmonic transformations passionately traded throughout its course between the two instruments. The feline nimbleness of the middle movement, an intermezzo-caprice, conjures up a fleeting, ephemeral imagery, whilst the ostinato-based piano accompaniment launches the final movement with a quick violin reference to the opening movement and follows it with a torrential passagework that embraces the entire compass of violin’s range. [Notes by Marek Żebrowski] * * * Claude Debussy (1862-1918) was one of the most influential composers in the history of modern music. After taking piano and violin lessons as a child, Debussy entered the Paris Conservatoire at the age of 10, where he studied composition with Ernest Guiraud, harmony with Émile Durand, piano with Antoine-François Marmontel, and organ with César Franck. Working as a tutor for Nadezhda von Meck, a wealthy patron of music and arts (and a close friend of Tchaikovsky) launched Debussy on a chain of important formative experiences. Through Madame von Meck he was introduced to the exotic world of Russian music and culture. Soon thereafter, as the winner of the 1884 Prix de Rome, Debussy travelled to Italy on a composer’s scholarship and had the opportunity to sample Italian musical tradition first hand. In the late 1880s Debussy visited Bayreuth to attend productions of several of Wagner’s operas and attended the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1889, where he heard Javanese gamelan music for the first time. From 1889 until the end of his life Debussy was a resident of Paris and a prominent member of the city’s musical elite. His early works (Deux Arabesques pour piano, Suite bergamasque, and String Quartet in G minor) composed in the early 1890s are still fairly traditional in terms of form and the harmonic language employed. Debussy’s fascination with Symbolist poets, especially Mallarmé, led to his first truly path-breaking work, Prélude à l’après-midi d’un faune, where instrumental textures and colors were used in a totally novel way. The Three Nocturnes for Orchestra (1899) continued to explore the rich and delicate orchestral timbres, whist his opera, Pelléas et Mélisande (1902) based on a play by Maurice Maeterlinck, charted a new course for the operatic genre in a post-Wagnerian world. Debussy’s symphonic trilogy La mer (completed in 1905) represents another milestone of early twentieth century French orchestral music. His piano music from the early 1900s, including Pour le piano (1901), Estampes (1903), Images, Vol I and II (1905-1907), Children’s Corner (1908), and the two volumes of Preludes (1910), is also notable for a pioneering treatment of instrumental textures and colors, and for the inventive use of pedal techniques. Along with the ballet, Jeux (1912), the Etudes for piano and En blanc et noir for two pianos (both dating from 1915) represent Debussy’s attempt at exploration of modern harmonies. Diagnosed with rectal cancer in 1909, Debussy underwent a surgery in 1916 and spent the last years of his life in declining health. He died during a particularly intense German bombardment of Paris in the waning days of World War I and there were no public funeral ceremonies. *** *** *** *** *** GÓRECKI — PIANO SONATA NO. 1 I remember during my studies being fascinated, not so much by the works of the most fashionable Western composers of those times, but by the works of Bartók, especially the second movement of his Piano Sonata. My first encounter with this work was something of a shock, the like of which I have never experienced before or since. I literally had the impression that the whole world was caving on me. I had not the slightest idea that music could be constructed from such sounds, from such structures—and such wonderful music! Szymanowski’s Third Piano Sonata also proved to be very important for me. And the work of Ives and Messiaen made a huge impression on me. Not to mention the early Romantics or other Viennese Classics. – Henryk Mikołaj Górecki Bearing opus number 6, Górecki’s Piano Sonata No. 1 has undergone many transformations since its original version was put to paper in 1956. The work is dedicated to Jadwiga Rurańska, a piano student Górecki met during his studies at the Music Academy in Katowice and married in 1959. The world premiere of the Sonata was given almost three decades later at the 1984 Lerchenborg Music Festival in Denmark. On that occasion only the first movement was heard in its revised version, performed by Eugeniusz Knapik. Pianist Paul Crossley gave the first complete performance of the 1990 revised version at the Helsinki Biennale concert on 17 March 1991. [Notes by Marek Żebrowski] * * * Henryk Mikołaj Górecki (1933-2010) began music lessons at the age of ten, first studying violin and piano with a local instrument maker. His first compositions date from the early 1950s and, when he applied to the Katowice Academy of Music in 1955, he already had a considerable portfolio of works. His studies with Bolesław Szabelski culminated in a 1958 Silesian Philharmonic Orchestra concert devoted exclusively to Górecki’s works which then led to an invitation to the Warsaw Autumn Contemporary Music Festival, where his compositions were programmed annually until the mid1970s. After graduating with top honors in 1960, Górecki received First Prize at the Young Composers’ Competition for Monologhi. A scholarship for studies in Paris followed and led to friendships with Michał Spisak and Pierre Boulez. From the early 1960s, Górecki received commissions including Scontri, Op. 17 (written for the National Polish Radio Symphony Orchestra), Refrain for Orchestra, Op. 21 (written for the International Telecommunications Union and premiered by the Orchestre de la Suisse Romande in Geneva in 1965), and Symphony No. 2 “Copernican” (written for The Kosciuszko Foundation in New York), among others. Since 1965 Górecki’s professional life also included teaching at the Music Academy in Katowice, where he served as vice-chancellor (1975-1979) until resigning for political reasons. Several of Górecki’s students went on to prominent careers as composers, including Rafał Augustyn, Andrzej Krzanowski, Eugeniusz Knapik, and his son, Mikołaj Górecki. Inspired by Szymanowski and Bartók, Górecki’s musical language evolved in the 1960s towards the modernist and serialist avant-garde, but by the early 1970s his music became more contemplative and much less dissonant. His first sacred work, Ad Matrem, Op. 29, was dedicated to the memory of his mother and premiered at the Warsaw Autumn Festival in 1972. Górecki’s celebrated Symphony No. 3 “Sorrowful Songs,” Op. 36, was commissioned by the Südwestfunk in BadenBaden, Germany, and first performed in 1977 in Royan, France. The premiere went generally unnoticed and the Third Symphony was rediscovered only after a sensationally successful 1992 recording with soprano Dawn Upshaw and the London Sinfonietta, led by David Zinnman. On 3 October 1997 Górecki made a rare appearance on the conductor’s podium to perform the work that made him internationally famous with the USC Thornton Symphony Orchestra. The concert was part of a week-long “Górecki Autumn Festival” at USC that also included performances of Górecki’s solo and chamber music, seminars, master classes, and lectures. Górecki’s compositional style represents a successful melding of romanticism, minimalism, and complex yet transparent harmonic structures. From the late 1980s until the end of his life, Górecki turned to chamber music, exploring the territory that he had once covered as a young composer. Among a handful of works from the last decades of his life, Górecki’s collaboration with the Kronos Quartet was most notable and fruitful, leading to three string quartets commissioned by the ensemble and premiered in 1988, 1991, and 2005. *** *** *** *** *** KRAUSAS — UN-INTERMEZZI The UN-intermezzi are solo piano pieces inspired by the novel Un-Lun Dun by the English writer, China Miéville. The story presents an alternate and parallel universe to the city of London. China’s writing is so wonderfully poetic that I’ve stolen (with his permission!) several of his phrases as the titles for each of the pieces. The first, each dreams the other, is inspired by the floating quality of Brahms’ Intermezzo Op. 119 no. 1 in B minor. The second, somewhere very else…, is inspired by the gigue from Bach’s B-flat Major Partita with its energetic bounce and hand crossing. It is dedicated to the pianist Aron Kallay. In Mièville’s novel this is the first instance where the protagonists (London dwellers) arrive in Un-Lundun, a world previously unknown to them. The third intermezzo, a bowl for shadows… is an homage to the whimsical style of Erik Satie, specifically his fourth Gnossienne.—Veronika Krausas * * Canadian composer Veronika Krausas (b. 1963) has had her works performed internationally. Toronto’s Globe & Mail described “her works, whose organic, lyrical sense of storytelling are supported by a rigid formal elegance, give her audiences a sense that nature’s frozen objects are springing to life.” * Krausas has received commissions from the Penderecki String Quartet, San Francisco Choral Artists and the Alexander String Quartet, ERGO Projects, Continuum Music, Toca Loca, and two commissions for Motion Music (Canada) including a Millennium Project Grant, and several Interdisciplinary Grants from the University of Southern California Arts Initiative and Subito grants from the American Composers Forum. She has music composition degrees from the University of Toronto, McGill University in Montréal, and a doctorate from the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. Since 1998 Krausas has directed, composed for, and produced multi-media events in Los Angeles that incorporate her works with dance, acrobatics and video. The Los Angeles Times reviewer Mark Swed said of the 2010 LA production of Krausas’ chamber opera The Mortal Thoughts of Lady Macbeth, “Something novel this way comes.” A commission for the 25th Anniversary of the San Francisco Choral Artists and the Alexander String Quartet, using text by the poet Lawrence Ferlinghetti, was premiered in May 2011 in San Francisco. Her electronic work Waterland with video by Quintan Ana Wikswo, received its European premiere in Lyon France in October and had several international performances. In September her works were used by Wikswo for her solo exhibit Prophecy of Place at the Yeshiva Museum in New York City. Krausas is an Assistant Professor in the Composition Department and the Assistant Director of Undergraduate Theory at USC, on the advisory board of Jacaranda Music, an associate artist of The Industry, a pre-concert lecturer at the Los Angeles Philharmonic, and an artist with Catalysis Projects. *** *** *** *** *** MEYER — IMAGINARY VARIATIONS FOR VIOLIN AND PIANO, OP. 114 I happen to agree with Debussy’s beautiful remark that music begins where the words end. I also think that, contrary to the widespread practice during the last century, the composer’s task is to write music rather than talk about it. Even if the composer’s musings about matters technical or aesthetical may contain some useful information for the listener, making comments about a specific work inevitably leads to the imposition of the composer’s own vision, whereas the power of music lies in its ability to evoke a multitude of reactions. This is why I shall limit myself to disclosing that the Imaginary Variations owes its existence to the beautiful recordings made by Janet Packer that I listened to with great pleasure before embarking on my task of composing the work. The title itself is but a reflection of a rather wicked idea: the piece was constructed on the model of classical variations and the listener may hear it as a constant transformation of a musical thought. In truth, the work consists of twelve short movements that may sound like variations but, in reality, they are not.—Krzysztof Meyer Imaginary Variations was commissioned by Janet Packer with funding from the Pro Violino Foundation, Inc. It was premiered by Ms. Packer and pianist Geoffrey Burleson on November 9, 2011 at the Consulate General of the Republic of Poland in Chicago. * * * Krzysztof Meyer (b. 1943) began to study piano at the age of five. A native of Kraków, he studied theory and composition with Stanisław Wiechowicz and Krzysztof Penderecki, graduating from the Kraków Music Academy with distinction in 1965 and earning his theory degree a year later. During the years 1964, 1966, and 1968, Meyer was a student of Nadia Boulanger in Paris. In the mid 1960s Meyer appeared as pianist with the group “MW2 Ensemble,” presenting concerts of contemporary music throughout Europe, and performing many of his solo and chamber music compositions. From 1966 to 1987 Krzysztof Meyer taught at the Academy of Music in Kraków, also chairing the Department of Music Theory from 1972 to 1975. Since 1987 he has been professor of composition at the Hochschule für Musik in Cologne and a frequent lecturer on the subject of contemporary music in many countries, including Russia, Germany, Austria, Brazil, and Japan. Between the years 1985-1989 Meyer held the office of President of the Polish Composers’ Union. Krzysztof Meyer is a winner of numerous awards, including the First Prize at the competition for young composers in France (1966), the Aaron Copland Scholarship (1966), the First Prize for Symphony No. 3 at Fitelberg Competition (1968), Grand Prix at the Prince Pierre de Monaco International Composers’ Competition for the opera Cyberiada (1970), and the two-time recipient of the Special Mention at Tribune Internationale des Compositeurs UNESCO in Paris for String Quartet No. 2 and String Quartet No. 3 (1970/1976). He is also a laureate of the Polish Ministry of Culture Award (in 1973 and 1975), the First Prize winner of the Karol Szymanowski Competition in Warsaw for Symphony No.4 (1974), and the recipient of a Special Medal bestowed by the Government of Brazil for his String Quartet No. 4 and Concerto retro (1975 and 1977). Among other distinguished prizes that Krzysztof Meyer has received are the Gotfried-von-Herder-Preis (Vienna, 1984), the annual Award of the Polish Composers’ Union (Warsaw, 1992), the Jurzykowski Award (New York, 1993) and Johann-Stamitz-Preis (Mannheim, 1996). Krzysztof Meyer is a member of the Freie Akademie der Künste in Mannheim. Meyer’s compositions have been performed all over the world and he received a number of commissions from many eminent soloists, including Peter Pears, Aurèle Nicolet, Lothar Faber, Heinz Holliger, David Geringas, Ivan Monighetti, and Dmitri Sitkovetsky. Meyer’s Symphony No. 1 was one of the three obligatory contemporary compositions at the International Course for Conductors in Monaco directed by Igor Markevich in 1971, and his Hommage à Johannes Brahms at the Conductors’ Competition in Dublin in 1999. Krzysztof Meyer was a composer in residence for the Cologne Philharmonic during the 1991-1992 Season, and in Seattle, Washington, in 1996. Krzysztof Meyer is also recognized as a prominent author of books and articles on the subject of contemporary music. His monograph on the life and work of Dmitri Shostakovich (Kraków, 1973)—the first biography of this composer available in Poland—was expanded for a new edition (Paris, 1994) and became an international bestseller that was translated into German, Dutch, Spanish, Russian, Polish, and Japanese. With his wife, Danuta Gwizdalanka, Meyer has published a two-volume biography of Witold Lutosławski (Kraków, 2003-2004). Krzysztof Meyer’s most recent volume Mistrzowie i przyjaciele [Masters and Friends], was published by the Polish Music Publishers, PWM, in 2012. *** *** *** *** *** WIENIAWSKI — SECOND VIOLIN CONCERTO, OP. 22 & CAPRICCIO-VALSE, OP. 7 Henryk Wieniawski’s D minor Violin Concerto, Op. 22, was premiered in 1862 in St. Petersburg with Anton Rubinstein conducting the Imperial Orchestra. The score was published in 1879 and the Concerto is cast in a traditional threemovement layout. The middle movement, Romance, is often programmed on its own; it features a beautifully flowing melody that rises to a passionate climax and leads into a cadenza that—in the full performance of the work—introduces the brilliant closing movement based on a catchy Gypsy tune. The Capriccio-Valse, Op. 7 typifies the late Romantic elegance of Wieniawski’s salon pieces. A few bars of piano introduction lead the audience to focus the first solo violin entry that immediately takes and holds center stage. A graceful main subject based on an arpeggiated passage followed by huge melodic leaps appears throughout the work and achieves its apotheosis in the closing section that trades the musical material between the violin and piano. A series of stratospheric harmonics followed by highly effective pianissimo pizzicato chords close this ever-enduring crowd pleaser. [Notes by Marek Żebrowski] * * * Henryk Wieniawski (1835-1880) was a great violin virtuoso and a notable composer of very popular short works for violin and piano and two imposing concertos for violin and orchestra. Born in Lublin, Poland (then part of the Russian Empire), he entered Paris Conservatoire at the age of 8, and began his worldwide touring career as a teenager, often appearing in concert with his pianist brother, Józef. In 1860 he married Isabella Hampton, whose parents opposed the union until they heard Wieniawski’s Légende, Op. 17, and withdrew their objections. From 1860-1872 Wieniawski lived in St. Petersburg, where he taught, performed as concertmaster in the Russian Musical Society Orchestra, and appeared with his own string quartet. He made a two-year tour of the United States in 1872 with his colleague from St. Petersburg, the legendary Russian virtuoso, Anton Rubinstein. By 1875 Wieniawski moved to Belgium to assume violin professorship at the Conservatoire Royal de Bruxelles. During this time he toured Europe and frequently concertized in London as violinist and violist for the Beethoven Quartet Society. A punishing schedule of teaching and performing contributed to a heart attack Wieniawski suffered on a tour of Russia. He died in Moscow and was buried at the Powązki Cemetery in Warsaw. Wieniawski’s phenomenal virtuosity is reflected in all of his extant compositions (there is also a long list of his works now considered lost). The 10 Études-Caprices, Scherzo-Tarantelle, two Polonaises de concert (Op. 4 and Op. 21), and the Two Mazurkas Op. 19, all feature complex double stops, harmonics, left hand pizzicato, and require acrobatic right hand bowing technique. *** *** *** *** *** ŻEBROWSKI - FIVE PRELUDES FOR PIANO My Five Preludes for Piano date from the year 2000 and were commissioned by Robert Raymond, an engineer, pianist, and dedicated music lover in Boston, Massachusetts, who was also a long-time piano student of mine. Positioned somewhere between a suite and a group of etudes that explore various technical and musical aspects of piano playing, the Five Preludes nonetheless share some motivic relationships among each other that bind the entire set together.— Marek Żebrowski * * * Marek Żebrowski (b. 1953) began studying piano at the age of five. After graduating with the highest honors from the Poznań Music Lyceum, he studied with Robert Casadesus and Nadia Boulanger in France and Russell Sherman at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston, where he received his Bachelor’s and Master’s Degrees. Hailed as “firm and eminently musical” by the Boston Globe, “strong and noble” by the Washington Post, and accorded highest accolades by the world press, Marek Żebrowski has appeared as soloist in recital and with symphony orchestras throughout the world. He has recorded works by Bach, Beethoven, Chopin, Debussy, Scriabin and Prokofiev for the Polish Radio and works by Ravel and Prokofiev for Apollo Records in Germany, and his performances and compositions are featured on the Titanic Records and Harmonia Mundi labels. Recognized as a composer with a catalogue of orchestral and chamber works, piano compositions and transcriptions, and film and stage scores, Żebrowski has received commissions from Meet the Composer and The New England String Quartet, among others, as well as composition prizes in the Netherlands. Żebrowski’s works were premiered throughout the United States, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Poland, and South Africa. For the past several years he has collaborated with director David Lynch and their album of free improvisations, Polish Night Music, was released in April of 2008. Marek Żebrowski has lectured for the Pacific Symphony Orchestra, Boston Symphony Orchestra, Harvard University, and The New England Conservatory of Music, and for several years was a contributing writer for the Boston Book Review. He has given master classes and has coached various chamber music ensembles and chamber orchestras. His academic career included teaching at the University of Massachusetts, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and UCLA. Currently, Żebrowski resides in Los Angeles and serves as the Program Director for the Polish Music Center at USC and the Artistic Director of the Paderewski Festival in Paso Robles, California. Marek Żebrowski is a Steinway Artist. In recent years he has authored Celebrating Chopin & Paderewski, Paderewski in California and several other books about film directors and cinematographers, published by the Tumult Foundation.