Download Evolution Mini

Evolution Mini-Unit Test
Name: _______________________________________
Date: ____________Period: __________
1. Genetic Isolation A
A. When two groups of organisms
differentiate enough that they can
no longer interbreed
2. Artificial Selection E
B. All of a population’s or species’
genes
3. Selection Pressure D
4. Gene Pool B
5. Natural Selection D
6. Genetic Drift B
7. Mutation D
8. Molecular Clock E
9. Radiometric Dating C
10. StratigraphyA
C. An environmental factor which
causes a certain trait to become
more or less common
D. A mechanism for change in
populations (driven by the
environment and differential
survival)
E. Breeding organisms with specific
traits in order to produce offspring
with desirable traits
A. A dating method using an object’s
position in layers of rock to give it a
relative age
B. When chance events (such as
natural disasters) lead to a change in
the allelic frequencies (genetic
changes) in a population
C. A method used to date evolutionary
events in which the rate of decay of
isotopes in different substances is
measured.
D. A random change in the genetic
(DNA) sequence
E. A way of dating evolutionary
events which relies on mutation rates
of DNA
11. Both insects and bats have developed wings, but they are not closely related.
This is most likely an example of
a. co-evolution
c. microevolution
b. convergent evolution
d. genetic drift
12. Which best describes Lamarck’s older (& incorrect theory of evolution)?
a. Organisms change in their lifetime based on which organs they use or do
not use. They can then pass on these changes to their offspring.
b. Organisms change through natural selection as populations over long
periods of time.
c. Organisms experience many random genetic mutations, and this is the
cause of evolution.
d. Organisms always change as a result of direct competition with another
species.
Choose the best term for the following examples.
a. Parallel Evolution
b. Convergent Evolution
c. Coevolution
13. A parasite and a host evolve together because they have a close ecological
relationship. This is called an evolutionary arms race. Example: antibiotic resistant
pathogens. C
14. Two related species live on different continents, but still look similar because
they adapted in similar ways to similar environments. Example: Jaguars and
leopards. A
15. Two UNRELATED species look similar because they evolved in similar ways to
similar environments. Example: sharks and dolphins. B
16. Which of the following is the first piece of evidence that lead scientists to believe
that organisms changed over time?
a. molecular clocks
c. fossil record
b. stratigraphy
d. embryology
17. Which scientist proposed the correct theory of how evolution takes place?
a. Mendel
c. Linnaeus
b. Darwin
d. Lamarck
18. Which scientist performed the fundamental genetic research necessary to
understand evolution?
a. Mendel
c. Linnaeus
b. Darwin
d. Lamarck
19. In Artificial selection, what “chooses” the traits?
a. proteins
c. humans
b. meiosis
d. nature or the environment
20. In natural selection, what “chooses” the traits?
a. proteins
c. humans
b. meiosis
d. nature or the environment
21. Darwin was the naturalist aboard the _________________________ which sailed to the
_____________________ islands.
a. H.M.S Beagle; Galapagos
c. H.M.S Beagle; Cayman
b. H.M.S. Naturae; Galapagos
d. H.M.S. Naturae; Cayman
22. If beetles have less to eat during a few months and their average size as a
population changes during one generation, is this evolution?
a. yes
b. no
23. In the peppered moth activity, which moth phenotype was the most fit (survived
and reproduced more) when the leaves were dark?
a. light moths
b. dark moths
c. survival was the same for both types
24. What adaptation allowed one peppered moth to be better suited to the
environment than the other?
a. mimicry
b. mutation
c. predation
d. camouflage
e. symbiosis
25.
A
26. The above method of determining the evolutionary relationship of organisms
based on their early stages of development is called
a. embryology
b. cladistics
c. phylogenetics
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27.
A Population of Mice
- brown fur
- gray fur
Original Population
(Twenty Years Later)
Island A
Island B
A population of mice is evenly divided into two groups, and each group
is placed on an isolated island with no existing mouse population. Which
statement best explains the difference in the mouse populations on Island A
and Island B at the end of the 20 years?
A
On Island A, the allele for gray fur was dominant, while on Island B, the allele for
brown fur was dominant.
B
More brown mice were in the half of the original population that was sent to Island
B than in the group sent to Island A.
C
Conditions on Island B favored the brown-furred individuals, while both fur colors
were evenly advantaged on Island A.
D
The recapturing of mice on Island A and Island B was done differently.
C
28. Fitness is an organism’s ability to
a. speciate
b. adapt
c. survive & reproduce
d. blend into its environment
29. Evolution occurs in a (CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER)
a. phylum
b. population
c. ecosystem
d. individual organism
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30. True or false: Darwin was the first person to propose that organism evolve—or
change as a group over a period of time.
a. true
b. false
31. According to the above cladogram, do perch have jaws?
a. yes
b. no
32. According to the above cladogram, is a pigeon more closely related to a chimp or
a lizard?
a. chimp
b. lizard
33. A cladogram is constructed based on
a. number of shared derived characteristics
b. overall physical appearance
c. percentage of the DNA code that is shared between two species
d. the fossil record
34-38. Construct the following cladogram:
Trait
Jaws
4 Limbs
Lamprey
Sunfish
Lizard
Chimp
Human
Amphioxus
Newt
Bear
no
no
Yes
no
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
no
no
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Mammary
Gland
Opposable
Thumb
Backbone
Upright
posture
Amniotic Egg
no
no
no
Yes
Yes
no
no
Yes
no
no
no
Yes
Yes
no
no
No
yes
no
Yes
no
Yes
no
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
no
no
Yes
no
Yes
No
no
no
Yes
Yes
Yes
no
no
Yes
totals
Total
39-42. Explain what is meant by survival of the fittest and how it relates to
natural selection. Give a specific example about how it works. List at
least two conditions necessary for natural selection to occur.
Bonus Questions:
1. Why do peacocks have bright showy tails?
2. What is altruism?
3. What is a protenoid sphere?
4. What is a finch and why are they important in this unit?
5. When did the Earth form (billions of years ago)?
6. When did life first appear (billions of years ago)?