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Flavour Physics at the High-Energy Frontier FlaviaNet meeting in honour of Chris Sachrajda John Ellis Open Questions beyond the Standard Model • What is the origin of particle masses? due to a Higgs boson? + other physics? solution at energy < 1 TeV (1000 GeV) LHC • Why so many flavours of matter particles? mixing and CP violation? LHC • Unification of the fundamental forces? at very high energy ~ 1016 GeV? probe directly via neutrino physics, indirectly via masses, couplings LHC • Quantum theory of gravity? (super)string theory: extra space-time dimensions? LHC High-pT Physics Meets Flavour • The major particle physics objectives of the LHC – ATLAS, CMS, LHCb • Good reasons to expect new physics at the TeV scale: – Higgs, naturalness, dark matter • No clue where flavour physics originates • What is flavour structure of TeV physics? • How to reveal it? – Combine direct and indirect approaches At what Energy is the New Physics? Dark matter Where is the physics of flavour? Origin of mass A lot accessible to the LHC Some accessible only indirectly The Dogs that did (not) Bark • In the quark sector: – CKM model describes perfectly (?) the available data on quark mixing and CP violation – Passes consistency tests • In the lepton sector: – MNS model describes neutrino mixing – No consistency tests – Muon anomalous magnetic moment may suggest new physics at the TeV scale Flavour and CP Violation - CKM model successful at present - A pillar of the Standard Model - What lies beyond it? Quo Vadis g - 2? • Older e+e- data show discrepancy – now 3.4 • Disagreement with decay data – Discrepancy ~ 2 • New BABAR e+e- data agree poorly with previous e+e- data – Intermediate between e+e- and decay data • Combination with previous e+edata yield discrepancy ~ 3.1 Dark Matterininthe theUniverse Universe Dark Matter Astronomers say that most of tell the Astronomers matter in theof the us that most Universe is matter in the universe is invisible invisible Dark Matter LSP ? LKP ? LTP ? We will look for it We shall look for with the LHC them with the LHC Relics leaving thermal equilibrium in early Universe provide cold dark matter if mass ~ (2.7 K Mplanck)1/2 ~ TeV Minimal Supersymmetric Extension of Standard Model (MSSM) • Particles + spartners • 2 Higgs doublets, coupling μ, ratio of v.e.v.’s = tan β • Unknown supersymmetry-breaking parameters: Scalar masses m0, gaugino masses m1/2, trilinear soft couplings Aλ, bilinear soft coupling Bμ • Assume universality? constrained MSSM = CMSSM Single m0, single m1/2, single Aλ, Bμ: not string? • Not the same as minimal supergravity (mSUGRA) • Gravitino mass, additional relations m3/2 = m0, Bμ = Aλ – m0 Minimal Flavour Violation (MFV) • All squark mixing due to CKM matrix • Universal scalar masses at high scale for sparticles with same quantum numbers • Parametrization: • Maximally CP-violating MFV (MCPMFV) model has 19 parameters, of which 6 violate CP: • Often assume universal ImMa, ImAf, but nonuniversality compatible with MFV: MCPMFV JE + Lee + Pilaftsis: arXiv 0708.2079 Effects of CP Phases in MCPMFV Renormalization of phases Heavy Higgs masses J.E. + Lee + Pilaftsis: arXiv:0708.2078 Ino masses Bs mixing Effects of CP Phases in MCPMFV Bs Different regions allowed for different phases … b s J.E. + Lee + Pilaftsis: arXiv:0708.2078 Bu … and hence ACP in b s Supersymmetric Flavour Geometry • Expand scalar mass2 matrices in complete basis derived from Yukawa couplings: where: • Use RGEs to study magnitudes in MCPMFV JE + Hodgkinson +Lee + • Use data to constrain coefficients Pilaftsis: arXiv 0911.3611 Current Constraints on CMSSM Assuming the lightest sparticle is a neutralino Excluded because stau LSP Excluded by b s gamma WMAP constraint on relic density Preferred (?) by latest g - 2 JE + Olive + Santoso + Spanos Non-Universal Scalar Masses • Different sfermions with same quantum #s? e.g., d, s squarks? disfavoured by upper limits on flavourchanging neutral interactions • Squarks with different #s, squarks and sleptons? disfavoured in various GUT models e.g., dR = eL, dL = uL = uR = eR in SU(5), all in SO(10) • Non-universal susy-breaking masses for Higgses? No reason why not! NUHM Best-Fit Spectra CMSSM O.Buchmueller, JE et al: arXiv:0808.4128 NUHM1 Spectra with likely Ranges O.Buchmueller, JE et al: arXiv:0907.5568 Likelihood Function for Higgs Mass CMSSM O.Buchmueller, JE et al: arXiv:0907.5568 NUHM1 How Soon Might the CMSSM be Detected? O.Buchmueller, JE et al: arXiv:0808.4128 How Soon Might the NUHM1 be Detected? O.Buchmueller, JE et al: arXiv:0808.4128 Sensitivities to Constraints g - 2 O.Buchmueller, JE et al: arXiv:0808.4128 bs What Happens if g - 2 Dropped? CMSSM NUHM1 Solid lines: with g - 2 Dashed lines: without g - 2 Focus-point still disfavoured, e.g., by mW O.Buchmueller, JE et al: arXiv:0907.5568 Correlation between Gluino & Squark Masses CMSSM O.Buchmueller, JE et al: arXiv:0907.5568 NUHM1 Likelihood Function for Bs +CMSSM Standard Model prediction O.Buchmueller, JE et al: arXiv:0907.5568 NUHM1 Can the LHC find heavier Higgs Bosons? CMSSM Accessible with LHC O.Buchmueller, JE et al: arXiv:0907.5568 NUHM1 First 2009 Beam Circuits: Friday Nov. 20th @ 8.15pm First LHC Collision in ATLAS Two-Jet Event in CMS Collision in LHCb Colliding Beams @ 900 GeV First LHC Physics Paper from ALICE No Higgs yet! Pseudo-rapidity distribution invariant mass distribution No Supersymmetry yet! Towards Heavy Flavours in ALICE ITS TPC TOF 34 Towards Heavy Flavours in ATLAS Towards Heavy Flavours in CMS SPC263, December 14, 2009 36 Towards Heavy Flavours in LHCb Ks Ks With VELO Without VELO L L Colliding Beams @ 2.36 TeV First 2.36 TeV Collision in ATLAS No Black Holes yet! CMS 4-Jet Event @ 2.36 TeV Even Heavier Flavour in CMS? CMS Experiment at the LHC, CERN Date Recorded: 2009-12-14 04:46 CET Run/Event: 124120/5686693 Candidate Dimuon Event at 2.36 TeV pT(m1) = 3.6 GeV, pT(m2) = 2.6 GeV, m(mm)= 3.04 GeV 16 Bunches per Beam Elastic Scattering Cross Sections CMSSM O.Buchmueller, JE et al: arXiv:0907.5568 NUHM1 Likelihood Function for SpinIndependent Dark Matter Scattering CMSSM O.Buchmueller, JE et al: arXiv:0907.5568 NUHM1 Conversation with Mrs Thatcher: 1982 What do you do? Think of things for the experiments to look for, and hope they find something different Then we would not learn anything! Wouldn’t it be better if they found what you predicted?