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Atoms : Atomic Structure and Models I. About Atoms A. Atoms are the building blocks of ___________________. B. Atoms are so ___________________ and ___________________ that we need to use indirect evidence to study them. C. The ___________________ of ___________________ that each atom has determines its chemical properties. II. ___________________ Atomic Theory 1. All matter is made of ___________________. 2. Atoms of the same ___________________ are the same. 3. Atoms of ___________________ elements are different. 4. Atoms ___________________ to make molecules of compounds. 5. Atoms cannot be ___________________ or ___________________ (by physical or chemical processes). III. Parts of Atoms A. ___________________ 1. Located ____ ____ ___________ (central part of the atom) 2. Have a mass of ______ atomic mass unit (amu) 3. Have a ___________________ charge B. Neutrons 1. Located ____ ____ ___________ 2. Have a mass of _____ amu 3. Have _______ charge (neutral) C. Electrons 1. Located ___________ ___ ____ ___________ 2. Have a mass of _____ amu (actually 0.00055 amu but it’s so small that we ignore it) 3. Have a _________________ charge IV. Models of atoms Discoveries about atoms have changed how we ______________ atoms. Name the discovery about atoms that each scientist is famous for: Dalton ___________________________________________________ Thomson _________________________________________________ Rutherford ________________________________________________ Bohr _____________________________________________________ Schroedinger & deBroglie ____________________________________ V. Periodic Table & Atoms A. The Atomic number tells us how many _________________ are in an atom of a certain element. B. The Atomic number also tells us how many _________________ are in a _________________ atom. C. The Atomic mass is the total (on average) of the _________________ + the _________________. “2 Rules to Remember” Atomic # = protons = electrons Atomic mass = protons + neutrons VI. Rule Breakers A. ___________ 1. Ions have lost or gained _________________. 2. They no longer have the _________________ number of electrons as protons. 3. Only the _________________ number can change (remember the electrons are on the outside) 4. This means they have a net _________________. 5. Opposite charges attract, forming _________________ between atoms. B. _________________ 1. Atoms of the same element can sometimes have extra or fewer _________________ than average. 2. These _________________ forms or weights of atoms are called isotopes. 3. Isotopes that are heavier or lighter than “normal” can be _________________. 4. Radioactive atoms have nuclei that can _________________ and give off energy in the process.