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12/19/05 4:30 PM MAZER Page 233 For more practice, go to . . . Standards-Based Assessment TEST PRACTICE CLASSZONE.COM Interpreting Tables 8.3.a, 8.7.c The table below shows part of the periodic table of elements. Group 1 1 Period s8pe-207st-ca 2 3 4 18 1 2 H 2 13 14 15 16 17 He 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Li Be B C N O F Ne 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Al Si P S Cl Ar Na Mg 19 20 31 32 33 34 35 36 K Ca Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Answer the questions based on the information given in the table. 1. What does the number above the symbol for each element represent? a. b. c. d. its its its its number of isotopes atomic number number of neutrons atomic mass 2. The atom of what element is in Period 4, Group 13? a. Na c. Al b. Ga d. K Extended Response Answer the following two questions in detail. Include some of the terms shown in the word box at right. Underline each term you use in your answer. 7. Democritus was an ancient Greek philosopher who claimed that all matter was made of tiny particles he called atoms. Democritus said that all atoms were made of the same material. The objects of the world differed because each was made of atoms of different sizes and shapes. How does the modern view of atoms differ from this ancient view? How is it similar? 3. What do the elements on the far right of the table (He, Ne, Ar, and Kr) have in common? a. They do not generally react with other elements. b. They are liquids under normal conditions. c. They are metals that rust easily. d. They are very reactive gases. 4. How many electrons does a neutral chlorine (Cl) atom contain? a. 16 c. 18 b. 17 d. 19 5. If a sodium (Na) atom loses one electron to form a positive ion, how many electrons would lithium (Li) lose to form a positive ion? a. 0 c. 2 b. 1 d. 3 6. If a fluorine (F) atom gains one electron to form a negative ion, how many electrons would bromine (Br) gain to form a negative ion? a. 0 c. 2 b. 1 d. 3 electron isotope nucleus neutron proton radioactivity 8. Half-life is a measure of the time it takes half of the radioactive atoms in a substance to decay into other atoms. If you know how much radioactive material an object had to begin with, how could you use half-life to determine its age now? Chapter 7: Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table 233 PDF