Download geology exam is - Spring Branch ISD

Geology Study Guide
(Ch 10 & 11)
Things to study:
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Worksheets, foldable, and notes
quizzes
THIS STUDY GUIDE!
vocabulary below (flashcards are online)
make sure you know the following plates (only):
o African plate
o Eurasian plate
o Indo-Australian plate
o North American plate
o Pacific plate
o South American plate
o Antarctic plate
Vocabulary:
Cleavage
Compaction
Convergent boundary
Crust
Crystal
Deposition
Divergent boundary
Erosion
Extrusive Igneous
Fracture
Geology
Hardness
Igneous
Inner core
Lava
Lithosphere
Lithification
Luster
Magma
Mantle
Metamorphic
Metamorphism
Moh's hardness scale
Outer core
Plate boundaries
Rock
Rock cycle
GEOLOGY EXAM IS ________________________________
Review sessions are _______________________________
Flashcards are due ____________________________
Study Guide due ______________________
Sediment
Sedimentary
Streak
Tectonic Plate
Texture
Transform boundary
Weathering
Inside Earth
Understanding Main Ideas
Fill in the blanks in the table below.
Layer of Earth
1.
Description
Outer layer of solid rock surrounding the
surface
Hot but mostly 2. _______________________
material surrounding the core
Hot liquid layer of iron and nickel
Mantle
3.
4.
Hot, 5. _________________________ layer of
iron and nickel
6. What conditions and forces do geologists study?
Building Vocabulary
Fill in the blank to complete each statement.
Geology
Geologist
Lithosphere
seismic waves
rock
7. Evidence from earthquake vibrations, called______________________, help geologists infer the structure of
Earth’s interior.
8. The material that makes up Earth’s hard outer surface is____________________________.
9. The science of _____________________________is the study of planet Earth.
10. The ___________________________includes the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust.
11 Scientists who study Earth and the processes that shape it are known as _____________________________.
Minerals
Understanding Main Ideas
Answer the following questions.
1. List five characteristics that minerals share.
a. _________________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________________________
d. _________________________________________________________________________
e. _________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe two ways in which minerals can form.
___1.________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___2.________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Building Vocabulary
If the statement is true, write true. If it is false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement
true.
_________________ 3. Formed in the mantle, molten material called lava cools to form minerals below Earth’s
surface.
_________________ 4. The repeating pattern of atoms in a mineral form a solid known as a fracture.
_________________ 5. The color of a mineral’s powder is known as luster.
_________________ 6. The density of a mineral is how much mass is contained in a given volume of that
mineral.
_________________ 7. Minerals that form irregular surfaces when they break apart have a property called
cleavage.
Directions: Use the chart to answer the questions below
1. Name one mineral that you can scratch
with your fingernail.
2. Which mineral can scratch anything?
3. Which object can scratch feldspar but
not quartz?
4. Which object can scratch apatite but not
feldspar?
Rocks and the Rock Cycle
Understanding Main Ideas
Answer the following questions.
1. Name the three major groups of rocks.
__________________________________________________________________________
2. What type of rock forms when heat and pressure below Earth’s surface changes rock?
__________________________________________________________________________
3. How do sedimentary rocks form?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
4. What is the rock cycle?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Building Vocabulary
Match each term with its definition by writing the letter of the correct definition in the right column on the line
beside the term in the left column.
________ 5. intrusive rock
a. solid material made up of one or more minerals
________ 6. deposition
b. one of the particles that make up a rock
________ 7. grain
c. forms when magma cools and hardens
________ 8. rock
d. size, shape, and arrangement of grains
________ 9. texture
e. forms when lava cools and hardens
________ 10. extrusive rock
f. process that moves sediment from place to place
________ 11. sediment
g. process in which sediment is laid down
________ 12. erosion
h. rock particles or material from living things
Write the letter or letters in the appropriate circle of the diagram below.
a. Cementation and compaction (lithification)
b. Heat and Pressure
c. Weathering, transportation, deposition
d. Cooling and solidification
e. Melting
Plate Tectonics
1. Label the 7 major plates
2. Divergent Boundary
Definition:
What is creates/causes:
Location:
3. Convergent Boundary
Definition:
What is creates/causes:
Location:
4. Tansform/Transverse Boundary
Definition:
What is creates/causes:
Location: