Download BMS3661 Interpersonal support

BMS 361
Principles of Learning and Health Education
MODEL OF
INTERPERSONAL
SUPPORT
Dr. Fatmah Almoayad
Models of Interpersonal support (social
learning)
Social learning theory is based on the idea that people not
only self-regulate and have control their environments and
actions, but they are also influenced by their
environments.
They create and are influenced by their surroundings.
Why does social environment matter
Social environment affects behavior and consequently
impacts health
Who is in your social environment
The social environment includes family members, coworkers, friends, health professionals, and others.
What differentiates social learning theory
from intrapersonal support theories
Reciprocal determinism is what differentiates social learning
theory from the belief that all behaviour is a one-way product
of the environment
Reciprocal determinism
The dynamic interaction of the person, behaviour, and the
environment in which the behaviour is performed
Reciprocal determinism effect
The opinions, thoughts, behaviour, advice, and support of
the people surrounding an individual influence his or her
feelings and behaviour, and the individual has a reciprocal
effect on those people
Potential change strategies
Consider multiple ways to promote behaviour change,
including making adjustments to the environment or
influencing personal attitudes
Social learning theory
The most common theory for
interpersonal support models
Social cognitive theory
Social cognitive theory
Social cognitive theory incorporates the basic parts of social
learning theory but adds the principles of observational
learning and vicarious reinforcement
Observational learning and vicarious
reinforcement
Watching and learning from the actions of others.
Factors affect the likelihood of
behavioral change
■ Self-efficacy
■ Goals
■ Outcome expectancies
The most important personal factor in
the social cognitive theory
Self-efficacy
Self-efficacy
Confidence in one’s ability to take action and
overcome barriers
Effect of self efficacy on behaviours
If individuals have a sense of self-efficacy, they can change
behaviour even when faced with obstacles. If they feel
unable to exercise control over their health behaviour, they
remain unmotivated and unable to persist through
challenges.
Strategies to increase self-efficacy
■ Setting incremental goals (e.G. Exercising for 10
minutes each day);
■ Behavioural contracting (a formal contract, with
specified goals and rewards); and monitoring and
■ Reinforcement (feedback from self-monitoring or
record keeping).
Behavioural capability
Knowledge and skill to perform a given behaviour.
Potential change strategies
(Behavioural capability)
Promote mastery learning through skills training
Expectations
Anticipated outcomes of a behaviour
Potential change strategies
(Expectations)
Model positive outcomes of healthful behaviour
Observational learning (modelling)
Behavioural acquisition that occurs by watching the
actions and outcomes of others’ behaviour
Potential change strategies
(Observational learning)
Offer credible role models who perform the targeted
behaviour
Reinforcements
Responses to a person’s behaviour that increase or
decrease the likelihood of reoccurrence
Potential change strategies
(Reinforcements)
Promote self-initiated rewards and incentives
Models of Interpersonal support (social
learning)
■ People create and are influenced by their surroundings
(two way process).
■ “reciprocal determinism” is what differentiates social
learning theory from the belief that all behavior is a oneway product of the environment
■ The social environment includes family members, coworkers, friends, health professionals, and others.
■ Social environment affects behavior and consequently
health.
ANY QUESTIONS?