Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Hologenome theory of evolution wikipedia , lookup
Sexual selection wikipedia , lookup
Natural selection wikipedia , lookup
Genetics and the Origin of Species wikipedia , lookup
Evolutionary history of life wikipedia , lookup
Transitional fossil wikipedia , lookup
Natural Selection Madeira Middle School 8th Grade Science Learning Objective • I can … describe the role of genetic and environmental factors in the theory of evolution by natural selection. • I can Identify who Charles Darwin is. Charles Darwin Carles Darwin During HMS Beagle Journey • Born in England in 1809 • Graduated from college with a degree in theology • He then became a naturalist – a scientist who studies nature on the British ship HMS Beagle • He observed and collected many living fossils • He made his most important observations at the Galapagos Islands in South America • He kept a log that was then latered published to be the The Voyage of the beagle. Darwin Evolution • Evolution – process by which populations change over time • Population – individuals of a species that live in an area at the same time • Species – group of closely related organisms that can mate to produce fertile offspring Darwin and his Studies • Galapagos Islands • Darwin studied plants and animals • Best known for his work with finches and turtles Collecting Birds • Darwin collected Birds on the Galapagos Islands • The birds differed slightly from the bird on the mainland • The birds also on each island were different • Darwin observed differences in beak size • This had to do with their diets • Page 361 in your book Galapagos Turtles Darwin’s Influence • Artificial Selection – process by which humans select plants or animals for breeding based on the desired traits • Ex. – Horse Racing • Artificial Selection shows that traits can change • Traits can also spread through populations Organisms Acquire Traits • Jean – Baptiste Lamarck – organisms can acquire and pass on traits they need to survive • We know that acquired traits on not passed on through the dna • But the fact that species change, and the idea that an organism’s traits help it survive, really shaped Darwin’s ideas Earth Changes Over Time • Law of Uniformitarianism supports that Earth has changed over time • Charles Lyell hypothesized that small changes in rock have collected over hundreds of years • Darwin said that if Earth was really old, then there would be enough changes in life forms to add up. The Struggle is Real • Darwin did some research on how the environment could influence which organisms can survive and which don’t • All populations are affected by factors that affect population growth • Disease, predation, and competition for food Natural Selection • Natural Selection – process by which organisms that inherit advantageous traits tend to reproduce more sucessfully than other organisms do