Download Chapter 12 Notes Roots of Islam

The Islamic World
Learning Target: The harsh desert climate of the Arabian Peninsula and the teachings of Muhammed contributed to the growth of the major world religion of Islam
The Roots of Islam
Physical Features and Climate: Hot/Dry Air, 100 Degrees
Daily. Has deserts, sand dunes. No water, but has oasis:
wet fertile area in desert. They become key stops on
trade routes
Two ways of life
Nomads: Traveled with herds of animals from
place to place to find food. Usually in a tribe, a group of
people traveling together. The Animals gave them goods.
Merchants: Traders who traveled in caravans, or
groups along trade routes. Settled near an oasis and
farmed. Trade Important!-Spices, Gold, Leather, etc
Mohamed
Arabian Peninsula:
1. Highlight major trade routes during 570 C.E.
2. Locate Mecca
3. Label the following present-day countries: Saudia Arabia, Yemen, Ethopia,
Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain and the United Arab
Emirates
4. Label the three continents present
How does the harsh climate of the Arabian Peninsula and Muhammed contribute to the spread of
Islam?
The Climate is very warm, with many natural borders such as mountains and deserts. It is centrally
located between Asia, Africa, and Europe so it has access to continents to routes to trade goods/ideas
-A caravan trader, became unhappy when the rich in
Mecca did not help the poor.
Why is he the prophet? An angel spoke to him, and told
him to spread the messages of God
Muslim: A follower of Islam- One God-Allah.
Quran: Messages from the angel to Muhammed written
in the Islam holy book
Pilgrimage: Journey to a Holy Place-The Kaaba in Mecca
for Muslims
Muhammed’s teachings
Why were his teachings disliked?
People didn’t like to be told to stop worshipping their gods. The religion was also a threat to people who made money from Kaaba pilgrimages. The Rich did
not want to give money to the poor.
Islam Spreads
Medina: Muhammad is invited to live here, in place of Mecca where those rulers threatened him.
Mosque: Place of worship for Muslims, Muhammed’s home
As Medina grew stronger and more accepted Islam, conflict with Mecca increased. But finally, the people of Mecca gave in and it becomes the official
religion.
Learning Target: The sacred texts of the Qur’an and Sunnah guide Muslims in their religion, daily life and laws- Section 2: Islamic Beliefs and Practices
The Qur’an
Beliefs
Guidelines
Relations Among People
-Only one god: Allah, according to the Qu’ran
-Qu’ran describes people how to
worhsip
-Encouraged people to free slaves
-The world has a definite beginning and end
-Those who obeyed his orders are guarenteed life in
paradise
-Explained rights for women- got an education
-Describes, guidelines, rules, acts of
worship
-Jihad: Inner struggle people go through to obey god
-How to worship, what to eat, etc
-Can mean holy war, or defending muslim community
-Muhammad is his messenger
-Jihad: Inner struggle people go
through to obey god
The Sunnah “The Five Pillars”