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ISLAM (“way of submission”) I. Mohammed A. Merchant from Mecca 1. 610 A.D.: had vision/revelation from God 2. Angel Gabriel appeared to Mohammed 3. Gabriel said “Recite!” 4. This “recitation” became the Qur’an (Koran) **the holy book of Islam** 5. God used other prophets (Abraham, Moses, Jesus, etc.) but M is the last and therefore truest B. The Hijrah 1. M’s message rejected by people of Mecca 2. M had to flee to Medina 3. This event marks the beginning of the Muslim religion/calendar II. Spread of religion A. spread quickly B. Arabian Peninsula by 632 A.D. C. After M’s death -- Middle East (to Black Sea) -- North Africa & Southern Spain (by 750) --into Western India (by 800) III. Muslim split A. Arguments about direction after M’s death B. Sunni 1. 90% of Muslims are Sunnis 2. They follow the Sunnah (collection of stories about Mohammed) & the Qur’an C. Shi’ite 1. 10% of Muslims 2. Most live in Iran & Iraq IV. Beliefs/practices of Islam A. The Five Pillars 1. Faith 2. Prayer 3. Alms-giving 4. Fasting 5. Pilgrimage B. House of Worship 1. mosque 2. prayer leader: imam C. Symbols 1. crescent moon 2. representation of animals/people discouraged D. Holy Cities 1. Mecca 2. Medina 3. Jerusalem E. Misconceptions 1. jihad (2 meanings/interps.)