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True or False Islam Pretest Identify the following as True or False. Respond honestly. Your test score will not be graded. The pretest should help you discover how to further your understanding of one of the world's fastest growing religions. 1. Islam is a polytheistic religion based on ancient Sumerian beliefs. 2. "Allah" is the Arabic word for "God." 3. The teachings of Islam are based upon the prophecy of a man named Muhammad who lived on the Arabian Peninsula in the early 19th century. 4. Muhammad is worshipped as partially divine. 5. People who practice Islam are called either Muslims or Muhammadians. 6. The Ka'aba temple in the city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, holds a black stone (meteorite). 7. Muhammad's teachings initially appealed most to the merchants living in the city of Mecca who wanted the new religion to make Mecca a prosperous trading capital. 8. Islam means "submission" when translated into English. 9. The word Qur'an means "recitation" in English. 10. Islam's holy book, the Qur'an, was written in Arabic and has never been translated into any other language. 11. Islamic mosques are decorated with mosaics of the prophet Muhammad receiving inspiration from Allah. 12. The religion of Islam is historically connected to the religions of Judaism and Christianity; tracing its revelation back to the same one God. 13. The hejira refers to Muhammad's emigration from the city of Mecca to the city of Medina. 14. There are three sacred duties of Islam called "The Three Pillars." 15. The term "jihad" refers exclusively to "holy war." 16. The largest population of Muslims today live in Iran. 17. Sunni and Shi'a Muslims are the only two divisions (or sects) of Islam. 18. 19. 20. The English words alcove, elixir, zenith, almanac, algebra, and zero all came from Arabic words. The official day of rest and celebration for Muslims is Friday. The central holiday in the Islamic calendar is "Ramadan" and it is usually celebrated at the same time that Christians celebrate Christmas.