Download Verbs

Verbs
CHAPTER II: SECTION II
Background
 Verbs usually end in three letters: a vowel and ть
 To conjugate remove the ть and add the proper
ending
 The present tense includes I (work), I do (work), I
am (working)
Present Tense 1
 This set of verbs end in -ать, -ять, -еть
 Я–ю
 Ты – ешь
 Он, Онá, Онó – ет
 Мы – ем
 Вы – ете
 Они – ют
Present Tense 2
 This set of verbs end in -ить, -ять, -еть, -ать
 Я–ю
 Ты – ишь
 Он, Онá, Онó – ит
 Мы – им
 Вы – ите
 Они – ят
 For –ать Я has ý and Они has áт
Constant Changes
 Constant Changes only occur in the Я present tense






form
д–ж
з– ж
с–ш
ст – щ
т–ч
б, в, м, п, ф – бл, вл, мл, пл, фл
Irregular Present Tense 1
 Я–у
 Ты – ëшь
 Он, Онá, Онó – ëт
 Мы – ëм
 Вы – ëте
 Они – ут
Irregular Present Tense 2
 Я – у (or ю)
 Ты – ешь
 Он, Онá, Онó – ет
 Мы – ем
 Вы – ете
 Они – ут (or ют)
Irregular Present Tense 3
 -авать
 Follow Irregular Present Tense 1 endings
 -овать
 Add у before adding Present Tense 1 endings
 -евать
 Add ý before adding Present Tense 1 endings
 In Russian, there is no present tense for to be
 Use a dash to define a noun
 Nothing at all
 If there is not use нет followed by Genitive
Reflexive Verbs: Present Tense
 Reflexive verbs in English are followed by … self
 In Russian, conjugate normally then add
 Я – сь
 Ты – ся
 Он, Онá, Онó – ся
 Мы – ся
 Вы – сь
 Они – ся
Aspects
 When looking up a verb, one will come upon two
words
 The first is the imperfective:
process/frequent/unspecific



The Present Tense
The Compound Future
The Imperfective Past
 The second is the perfective: result/completion
 The Simple Future
 The Perfective Past Tense
Compound Future
 The compound future is made of two parts: to be +
an infinitive
 To be:






Я – бýду
Ты –бýдешь
Он, Онá, Онó – бýдет
Мы – бýдем
Вы – бýдете
Они – бýдут
 After that, add the infinitive
Simple Future
 The simple future is formed from
 It is formed from the perfective infinitive, or present
tense

No new endings
Past Tense 1: Imperfective
 The imperfective is used to express repeated,
incomplete, or interrupted actions in the past
 For past tense verbs, first remove ть

Masculine subject –л


Feminine subject –ла


Reflexive –лась
Neuter subject –ло


Reflexive –лся
Reflexive –лось
Plural (any gender) –ли

Reflexive –лись
Past Tense 2: Perfective
 The perfective is used for a single activity in the past
 For past tense verbs, first remove ть
 Masculine subject –л


Feminine subject –ла


Reflexive –лась
Neuter subject –ло


Reflexive –лся
Reflexive –лось
Plural (any gender) –ли

Reflexive –лись
 There is no pluperfect ( I had)
Verbs of Motion
 To go on foot, to walk:
A.
Imperfective
(Indefinite)
B.
Perfective
(Definite)
C.
Perfective
ходить
идть
пойти
 From Column A:
 The present tense : habits and generalizations
 The past tense: habits, generalizations, and return journeys
 From Column B:
 The present tense: Actions in progress, in one direction
 The past tense: Actions in progress, in one direction
 In Column C:
 The simple future
 The past tense: a single completed action
Prefixed Verbs of Motion
 Three important things to know
 The meaning of the prefix
 The imperfective and perfective infinitives
 Which preposition to use after the prefixed verb