Download WHAT IS THE OPTICAL COMPUTING?

CONTENT
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INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS THE OPTICAL COMPUTING?
WHY WE NEED OPTICAL COMPUTER?
COMPONENTS FOR COMPUTING
VCSEL(Vertical cavity surface emitting diode)
VCSEL & PHOTODIODE
SMART PIXEL TECHNOLOGY
WDM(Wavelength division multiplexing)
SLM(Spatial light modulators)
ROLE OF NLO
ADVANCES IN PHOTONIC SWITCH
OPTICAL AND GATE
OPTICAL NAND GATE
OPTICAL MEMORY
INTERCONNECTIONS IN OPTICAL COMPUTING
APPLICATION
MERITS
LIMITATION
SOME CURRENT RESEARCH
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
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With the growth of computing technology the
need of high performance computers(HPC) has
significantly increased.Optics has been used in
computing for a number of years but the main
emphasis has been and continues to be to link
portions of computers for communication,or
more intrinsically in devices that have some
optical application or component(optical pattern
recognition etc).
WHAT IS THE OPTICAL
COMPUTING?
Consider E-mail
Electronic
To Photonic
Converter
.txt format
Fiber optic
cables
Optical Computers perform computations,
operate, store and transmit data using only
light.
WHY WE NEED OPTICAL
COMPUTERS
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Traditional silicon circuits have a physical limit.
Much faster in operation
Require less space to store data
COMPONENTS FOR
COMPUTING
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VCSEL (Vertical cavity surface emiting laser).
SLM (Spatial light modulators).
SPT (Smart pixel technology).
WDM (Wave length division multiplexing).
VCSEL(Vertical cavity surface
emitting diode)
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VCSEL is a semiconductor
vertical cavity surface
emitting laser diode that
emits light in a cylindrical
beam vertically from the
surface of a fabricated wafer.
VCSEL & PHOTODIODE
SLM(Spatial light modulators)
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SLM play an important role in several technical
areas where the control of light on a pixel-bypixel basis is a key element, such as optical
processing and displays. For display purposes
the desire is to have as many pixels as possible in
as small and cheap a device as possible.
SMART PIXEL TECHNOLOGY
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Smart pixel technology is a relatively new
approach to integrating electronic circuitry and
optoelectronic devices in a common framework.
The purpose is to leverage the advantages of
each individual technology and provide improved
performance for specific applications.
WDM(Wavelength division
multiplexing)
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Wavelength division multiplexing is a method of
sending many different wavelengths down the
same optical fiber.
ROLE OF NLO
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Interact with light
High nonlinearity
Flexibility of molecular design
Damage resistance to optical radiation
ADVANCES IN PHOTONIC
SWITCH
Optical logic gate is a switch that controls
one light beam by another
ON when the device transmits light
OFF when it blocks the light
Optical NAND and AND gates are now available
OPTICAL AND GATE
OPTICAL NAND GATE
OPTICAL MEMORY
Two types - arrays of one bit elements & mass storage
High capacity, high storage density and faster
readouts
SLM used to write data into optical storage
medium at high speeds
Implemented by optical disk or holographic
storage system
INTERCONNECTIONS IN
OPTICAL COMPUTING
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Fiber optic cables and optical transceivers are
widely used.
Application of optical communications like fiber
channel and computer networking are already
being used.
Chip to chip and on chip interconnection
possibilities are still being examined.
APPLICATION
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High speed communications .
Optical crossbar interconnects are used in
asynchronous transfer modes and shared
memory multiprocessor systems.
Process satellite data.
Storage area network.
MERITS
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Optimized storage
Faster processing
Super-fast database searches
No heat dissipation
No short circuits
Light beams can travel in parallel
Remove bottleneck
LIMITATION
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Today’s materials require much high power.
Any imperfection or dust on optical computing
may cause error.
SOME CURRENT RESEARCH
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High performance computing has gained momentum in
recent years ,with efforts to optimize all the resources of
electronic computing and researcher brain power in
order to increase computing throughput. Optical
computing is atopic of current support in many places ,
with private companies as well as governments in several
countries encouraging such research work.
FUTURE TRENDS
CONCLUSION
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Research in optical computing has opened new
possibilities in several fields related to high
performance computing. As optoelectronic and
smart pixel devices mature,software development
will have a major impact in future.
REFERENCES
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1.http://dspace.cusat.ac.in/dspace/bitstream/123456789/2139/1/OPT
ICAL%20COMPUTING.PDF
2. Debabrata Goswami , “ article on optical computing, optical
components and storage systems,” Resonance- Journal of science
education pp:56-71 July 2003
3. Hossin Abdeldayem,Donald. O.Frazier, Mark.S.Paley and
William.K, “Recent advances in photonic devices for optical
computing,” science.nasa.gov Nov 2001
4. Mc Aulay,Alastair.D , “Optical computer architectures and the
application of optical concepts to next generation computers”
5. John M Senior , “Optical fiber communications –principles and
practice”
6. Mitsuo Fukuda “Optical semiconductor devices”