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The Digestive and Excretory Systems Vocabulary
1. digestive system – the group of organs that break down food into
molecules that are small enough to be absorbed by and
transported by the body.
2. mechanical digestion – breaking food into smaller pieces.
3. enzyme – a protein that speeds up a chemical reaction.
4. chemical digestion – the process that breaks down food
molecules into simpler substances.
5. esophagus – a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the
stomach.
6. stomach – a muscular organ that carries out both mechanical and
chemical digestion.
7. small intestine – a long, muscular tube where the body absorbs
nutrients from food.
8. pancreas – a gland that releases digestive enzymes and other
chemicals into the small intestine.
9. liver – an organ that makes bile, a liquid that helps to break down
fat.
10.
large intestine – an organ of the digestive and excretory
systems that absorbs water from undigested material and helps
remove solid wastes from the body.
11.
excretory system – the organ system that removes wastes
from the body.
12.
kidney – bean-shaped organs in the abdomen that filter
blood and remove wastes.
13.
bladder – a muscular sac that holds urine until it exits the
body through the urethra.