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Download Lesson 02 - MnE - Change in Momentum
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Momentum and Momentum Changes Lesson 2 Thursday, October 13, 2011 Announcements HW #1 due today HW #2 due tomorrow Physics “Lunch Bunch” will meet this week (Lens Lab) Optics exam Friday AP Physics B Standards Momentum and Momentum Change LESSON 2: I.D.2. Impulse and Momentum Students should understand impulse and linear momentum, so they can: a) Relate mass, velocity, and linear momentum for a moving object b) Relate impulse to the change in linear momentum and the average force acting on an object. d) Calculate the area under a force versus time graph and relate it to the change in momentum of an object. Lesson Objectives Students will be able to 1. Calculate the momentum of an object. 2. Apply the impulse momentum theorem to various systems. Which do you think has more momentum? Momentum Momentum is a measure of how hard it is to stop or turn a moving object. Q: What characteristics of an object would make it hard to stop or turn? Let’s watch Mad Scientist Guy on Momentum and Newton’s Third Law of Motion! Calculating Momentum For one particle p = mv Note that momentum is a vector with the same direction as the velocity! For a system of multiple particles p = pi --- add up the vectors The unit of momentum is… kg m/s or Ns Sample Problem 2.1: Calculate the momentum of a system composed of a 65-kg sprinter running east at 10 m/s and a 75-kg sprinter running north at 9.5 m/s. • Sample Problem 2.1: Calculate the momentum of a system composed of a 65-kg sprinter running east at 10 m/s and a 75-kg sprinter running north at 9.5 m/s. Impulse-momentum theorem An impulse exerted on a system will change the momentum of a system. J = p FΔt = pf – pi Momentum change demonstration Using only a meter stick, find the momentum change of each ball when it strikes the desk from a height of exactly one meter. Which ball, Bouncy or Lazy, has the greatest change in momentum? Sample Problem 2.2: Use the impulse-momentum theorem to find out how long a stone falling straight down takes to increase its speed from 5.5 m/s to 10.4 m/s. Sample Problem 2.3: A 2.0 kg object is moving to the right with a speed of 1.0 m/s when it experiences the force shown below. What are the object’s speed and direction after the force ends?