Download Welcome! Nonverbal Communication Instructor: Ellen Waddell

Welcome!
Nonverbal
Communication
&
Presentation Skills
Communicating Without Words
• We all communicate
nonverbally
• By analyzing nonverbal
cues, we can
– enhance our understanding
– define relationships
Cues and Contexts

We communicate nonverbally
through
 our bodies and appearance
 the environment we create
and live in
Cues and Contexts

Nonverbal communication
 Perpetual
 Frequently involuntary

Verbal and nonverbal messages
 Clear messages
 Mixed messages –words and actions contradiction
Aspects of Nonverbal Communication

Kinesics – the study of body
language

Facial Expressions =
emotion display
Posture and Gestures

Posture sends messages:
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Content and confident? Angry and belligerent? Worried
and discouraged?
Flight or Fight
The way you feel about those with whom you are
communicating
Gestures sends messages:
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Movements of arms, legs, hands, and feet send messages
about us
Gestures do not have universal meanings
Functions of Nonverbal Communication
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Message Reinforcement
 “I love you” & kisses
Message Negation
 “We need to spend less time
together” & moving closer
Message Substitution
 Pointing/gestures/ “OK” sign
Message Accentuation
 “I’m so angry!” & pulling on hair
Message Regulation
 eye contact/posture/gestures
 Signals flow of conversation
Clothing and Artifacts

Artifactual communication – the use of personal
adornments

Extremely important in creating a first impression

Dress and chosen images should change as our roles
change

Sometimes the basis for judgments regarding success,
character, dominance, and competence
Paralanguage

Paralanguage – vocal cues that accompany language
 Pitch
 Habitual pitch
 Volume
 Rate
 Pauses
 Nonfluencies
 Silence
Confused Communication
• Speech Fillers/Nonfluencies
– confuse the listener, with the message
becoming garbled
– anything that interrupts the message and can
include:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
UM
UH
Like
OKAY
You Know
So then
Now…
Space and Distance

Distances
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Intimate: 0-18 inches
Personal: 18 inches to 4 ft.
Social: 4 to 12 ft.
Public: 12 ft. to limit of sight
Spaces
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Informal: highly mobile and can be quickly changed
Semifixed-feature: the use of objects to create distance
Fixed-feature: relatively permanent objects to define the
environment around us
Territoriality and Personal Space
– the need to demonstrate a
possessive or ownership relationship to
space
 Territoriality
– used to establish territory or
reserve one’s space
 Markers
Colors

Color affects us emotionally and physiologically

Some of the emotions colors can trigger:
 Excitement
 Warmth
 Passion and sensuality
 Happiness
 Relaxation
 Persuasion
Chronemics

Using time to communicate
 The meaning of time differs around the world
 “Time talks”
 Last minute invitations
 Habitual tardiness
 Leaving early
 Allocation of certain activities to appropriate times
 Structure time differently
Haptics

Haptics – the study of the use of touch
Culturally conditioned
 Correlates positively with openness, comfort with
relationships
 Can reflect status
 Valued differently by different cultures

Gender and Nonverbal Behavior

Visual Dominance – measured
by comparing the percentage of
looking while speaking with the
percentage of looking while
listening

Men – higher levels of
looking while speaking

Women – higher levels of
looking while listening
Gendered Communication
Diversity and Nonverbal Behavior
 Contact
cultures vs. Low-contact cultures
 Different
cultures may express emotion or
intimacy in different ways
 Cultural
background also affects their use of
touch and personal space
 Identical
nonverbal cues may still convey
different meanings in different cultures
Speaking With Style
• Speech Delivery:
– Verbal communication
– Non-Verbal Communication
– Visuals:
• Types
• Design
• How to Use
Speaking With Style
Speech Delivery:
• how you say what you say…
– Verbal
– Nonverbal
Speaking With Style
• Verbal communication
– Choice of words
• Jargon
• Slang
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–
–
–
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Grammar
Enunciation
Speech Fillers
Vocal variety (pitch/volume)
Speedy speakers
Speaking With Style
Non verbal Communication
– What are you doing with your body?????
• Body language speaks volumes
– Posture
– Hand gestures
– Facial expressions
– Eye contact
– Dress/appearance
– Body movement/use
Speaking With Style
Non verbal Communication
– What are you doing with your body?????
• NO TOUCHING YOUR BODY
• No fig leaf stance
• No tapping fingers/toes
• Don’t clutch podium
Speaking With Style
Non verbal Communication
– Eyes
• Full Audience, NOT
– …out the window
– …on the floor
– ..on a spot on the wall
– …on your nails…
• Note cards
– Loss of eye contact minimal
– Hands
• Emphasis your points
• Visual Aid use
Speaking With Style
Visuals:
• Charts
• Models
• Objects
• Electronic Media
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–
–
–
Power Point Presentation
HTML
DVD/Video
Pictures (scanned/Internet)
• Drawings
Speaking With Style
Preparing/Designing Visuals:
• Size
– Can everyone see it?
• Photo
• Object
• Lettering style/size
– Power Point Presentation
• Size 24 Font Minimum
• Slide design
• KISS: Keep It Simple…Simon
Speaking With Style
Preparing/Designing Visuals:
• Use
– Support/clarify topic
– make “visual” your topic
– Fluid use
• should support speech
• not the centerpiece
• Look/talk to audience, not visual
– Turn off/cover when not in use
– DO NOT PASS VISUAL AROUND THE ROOM
Speaking With Style
• Professional style is key
– NO HAND PRINTED POSTERS
– NO LAST MINUTE, HURRY UP AND
GET IT DONE OBJECTS/MATERIALS
Expectations for Speech Makers

Society has grown accustomed to high-quality speeches

Characteristics of good speakers:
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Have insight
Know their audience
Believe what they are doing is important
Always practice
Think of the speech as a performance
Make a critique or post-presentation analysis of the speech
Systematic Speaking Process
end of presentation