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 What
was Abraham Lincoln’s concept
of sustainability about?
Lincoln’s Concept
of Sustainability
America’s sustainability
then and now…
Union: Reasons for Fighting
1.
2.
To save the Union
To abolish slavery (after the war began)
Confederacy: Reasons for Fighting
1.
2.
To keep its traditional ways of life,
including slavery
To establish its right to leave the Union
Union Strengths
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Larger population to serve and supply
army
Factories to produce weapons and
supplies
Rail lines to transport troops and
supplies
Strong navy and large fleet
Lincoln was strong leader and good war
planner
Rating the North & the South
Slave/Free States Population,
1861
Railroad Lines, 1860
North and South at the Beginning of Hostilities
North and South at the Beginning of Hostilities
North and South at the Beginning of Hostilities
North and South at the Beginning of Hostilities
Confederacy Strengths
1.
2.
3.
4.
Fighting a defensive war
More familiar with countryside
Wooded terrain provided good defensive
cover
Many of army’s best officers
Union Strategies
1.
2.
3.
Use navy to blockade southern ports
Seize the Confederate capital at
Richmond
Seize control of Mississippi River
Confederate Strategies
1.
2.
Fight a defensive war until northerners
get tired of fighting
Rely on European money and supplies to
help fight war
Battle at Chancellorsville
www.archives.gov/.../images/civil-war-096.jpg
First day at
Gettysburg
 July
1st,1863

Casualties of American Wars
1. World War II
2. World War I
3. Vietnamese Conflict
4. Korean Conflict
5. American Revolution
6. Spanish-American War
7.
8.
9.
10.
War of 1812
Mexican War
Indian Wars
Gulf War
TOTAL
407,316
116,708
58,168
54,246
4,435
2,456
2,260
1,733
1,000
293
648,615
How do the casualties of the Civil War compare
to the casualties of other American wars?
Major Battles











United States of America (North)
120,000 killed in action
240,000 died of other causes
~360,000 TOTAL Union dead and/or missing
Confederate States of America (South)
95,000 killed in action
165,000 died of other causes
~260,000 TOTAL Confederate dead and/or missing
Total American Civil War dead and missing
~620,000 Union and Confederate soldiers
UNKNOWN total Northern and Southern civilian
casualties
Civil War Casualties
Union
Confederate
TOTAL
360,000
260,000
620,000
There were nearly as many casualties in
the Civil War as in all of America's other
wars combined.
Lincoln’s Dilemmas
Lincoln was confronted by
many problems during his
presidency, including:
How can I
sustain the
Union?
• The problem of secession of the Southern
states (over the issues of the tariff,
settlement of the West, and slavery).
• Leading the North to victory would prove
extremely exhausting, despite the North’s
many advantages.
Battle of Antietam—September 17, 1862
How do I
sustain the
Union?
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was a
declaration by United States President
Abraham Lincoln announcing that all slaves in
Confederate territory still in rebellion were
freed.
 As Union armies advanced, every week
thousands of slaves were liberated.



Despite the limited immediate effect on the
slaves, the proclamation represented a shift in
the war objectives of the North—merely reuniting
the nation would no longer become the sole
outcome.
Slaves were part of the "engine of war" for the
Confederacy. To encourage discontent among
slaves in the Confederacy, a million copies of the
Emancipation Proclamation were distributed in
the Union-occupied South and, as hoped, news
of it spread rapidly by word of mouth, arousing
hopes of freedom, creating general confusion,
and encouraging many to escape.
Battle of Gettysburg—July 1st to 3rd ,1863
The bloodiest
battle of the
Civil War and
a key turning
point in the
war, 51,000
dead or
wounded.
 Turn to page
537.

How do I sustain
the Union?
1.Emancipation?
2.Winning the
Civil War?
3.Making the
USA whole?
Gettysburg Address

The speech
was given to
explain the
purpose or
reason why
war was
occurring and
what the
deaths were
for.
Permission of use.


Copyright (c) P. Uselding.Permission is granted to copy,
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of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2or
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