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VOL 1 ISSUE 1 Emancipation Proclamation: What did it do? The Emancipation Proclamation- What did it do? The Emancipation Proclamation freed slaves in the Confederate States of America. Did it have any real affect? By, Joe Schmoe WASHINGTON D.C. President Lincoln had always said that the war was about saving the Union. However after two years of fighting he saw the advantage of making it about slavery and the Constitutional decree that “All men are created equal.” In January of 1863, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation. It freed all slaves in the Confederate territories, which did not recognize his authority Ironically none of the slaves in the border states were freed due to the fear these states would leave the union. The purpose of the proclamation was to make the war about slavery. It persuaded many European countries to not aid the confederacy, since these countries opposed slavery. When the war was over, the proclamation went into effect, and the slaves were freed. The Greatest Speech Ever Given? Many are saying President Lincoln’s speech dedicating the cemetery at Gettysburg will go down as the greatest American speech ever given. By, Joe Schmoe GETTYSBURG, PENN Some are saying that the two minute speech will go down as one of the greatest speeches ever. Lincoln spoke before about 1500 people gathered at Cemetery Ridge to dedicate the burial ground where the historic battle of Gettysburg was fought. . After the speech was done, it was said to have been quiet with just a little clapping. Those close to the President said Mr. Lincoln was a bit disappointed by the reaction. The President’s speech came after a long speech by Edward Everett. Mr. Everett spoke for over an hour. It wasn’t until the next day that foreign dignitaries and reporters alike were espousing the greatness of the speech. The speech focused on how the war was a war of principals found in the Declaration of Independence of equality for all. Here is an excerpt from the speech: dedicated to the great task remaining before us-that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotionthat we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain- that his nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. VOL 1 ISSUE 1 Anaconda Plan Then General Scott and Lincoln planned the Union’s war strategy. Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia. Lee was said to have been dressed elegantly, where Grant was wrinkled and sloppily dressed. By, Bob WASHINGTON D.C. The plan was simple, only three steps. First, surround the South by both sea and land and cut off trade. Second, Divide the Confederacy in half. Finally, capture Richmond, Virginia. It would be a strangle hold on the South, thus it was dubbed the Anaconda plan like the snake. The War is over!! After many lives were lost and destroyed the war comes to an end. Now what? By, Bob After years of fighting the war ended at Wilmer McLean’s house in the village of Appomattox Courthouse. Ironically the first battle of Bull Run took place at McLean’s house and the surrendered took place there as well. It was reported that Lee had told an aide that he would rather die a thousand deaths than surrender to Grant. Neither man had seen the other since they fought together in the Mexican war. Grant offered generous terms of surrender to Lee, which he accepted. All Confederate soldiers could return to their homes with their personal horses and mules, if they promise to quit fighting. All officers could keep their swords and weapons. Food was ordered to be sent to Lee’s men. It was reported that Grant’s men cheered and shot their guns into the air. Quickly Grant ordered them to stop saying, “The war is overthe rebels are our countrymen again.” THE CIVIL WAR WAS A MODERN WAR~ USING TECHNOLOGY FROM THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION THAT WAS ACCURATE AND DEADLY. IT WAS A TOTAL WAR FOUGHT BETWEEN SOCIETIES, AND NOT ARMED SOLDIERS The Union went right to work on capturing Richmond, but found this more difficult than originally planned. For example in the Battle of Bull Run, the Union was blocked by Confederate General Stonewall Jackson. Finally, on April 1, 1865 and many months of fighting Grant’s troops captured the Confederate capital The first step of the plan to surround the Confederacy by sea worked as the North had a superior navy and ship building factories. The ironclads proved beneficial to both sides, but the Confederates could not break the Union blockade, and was refused help from European countries. To gain control of the Mississippi, Grant needed to control the strategic town of Vicksburg. He already had control of both ends of the Mississippi, but Vicksburg was essential to their success. The siege of Vicksburg lasted months, but starving from lack of supplies, Vicksburg surrendered July 4, 1863. The Mississippi was now in the hands of the Union, dividing the Confederates. Finally, Grant’s Total War strategy decimated the South. He sent General Phillip Sheridan to wipe out the Shenandoah Valley that was rich in grain. In addition, he sent General Sherman to Georgia. His march to the sea destroying a 60mile path of anything useful, and then went on to Atlanta. He burned Atlanta, a Confederate supply base, to the ground. One of the bloodiest battles of the War was the Battle of Antietam. Lee sent troops into Maryland to win a victory and support from Europe. Instead it became known as the bloodiest day of the war with no clear victory. More men were killed in this battle than in the War of 1812 and the Mexican War combined. MONTH DAY YEAR VOL 1 ISSUE 1 The Civil War 1861-1865 What happens next? By, Joe Schmoe EDITORIAL PAGE People are rejoicing the war is over and rightfully so. This was a costly war in both blood and treasure. Brother fought brother. Friend fought friend. We lost many lives and property. Thanks to Grant’s policy of Total War, the South is devastated. So the question is what happens now that the war is over? How do we rebuild, and what happens to the former slaves? These are tough questions to answer and one that President Lincoln and his administration are no doubt beginning to consider. Passage of the 13th Amendment has abolished slavery, but do we give them rights as citizens? President Lincoln has hinted at this in recent speeches. What happens to Confederate soldiers and officers? Are they punished as traitors? How can we trust them again as American citizens? ph 555.555.5555 fx 555.555.5555 mo 555.555.5555 [email protected] www.webaddress.com More time, consider and thought must go into how we reconstruct this great nation.