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English for Academic Purposes II Lesson 3: Science Brain Facts How much do you know? The human brain is part of the central nervous system, which also includes the spine. It consists of a hundred billion neurons, or nerve cells, that send information to each other. The brain has many functions such as memory, learning and emotion. The skull protects the brain. It is made of bone. The average human brain weighs 1300 - 1400 grams. This compares to 7,500 grams for the brain of an elephant, 420 grams for a chimpanzee, 500 grams for a cow, 840 grams for a dolphin and 30 grams for a cat. The human brain is approximately 2% of the average body weight.