Download Inside the Earth - ReedEarthScience

Inside the Earth
Mr. Reed Earth Science
Madras Middle School
What is Inside Earth?
• We are not sure? Why?
– Extreme conditions inside Earth
• Temperature rises
– Why? Heat left over from formation of planet and
radioactive substances inside Earth’s interior releasing
energy
• Pressure increases
– Because of the weight of the rock above
How do we study the inside of
the Earth
• Rock Samples
– Geologists can drill into the Earth and bring
up rock samples
• Theses samples allow scientists to infer about
conditions inside Earth
– Seismic Waves (Earthquake waves)
• Geologists study how the seismic waves travel
through Earth (speed and path)
• This data has help geologists realize that the Earth
is made up of several different layers
Composition (What it is made of)
• Crust
• Mantle
• Core
The Crust
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Outer layer
Solid Rock
5-70 km thick
2 types of crust
– Oceanic (very thin,
made of basalt)
– Continental (thicker,
made of granite)
The Mantle
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Middle layer
Very thick layer
3000 km thick
Very hot , but
solid rock
Made up of
three sublayers:
1. lithosphere
2.asthenosphere
3.lower mantle
The Mantle
• Lithosphere
– Uppermost part of the
mantle
– 100 km thick
• Lower Mantle
– Solid material that
extends to the core
• Asthenosphere
– Bottom part of the
mantle
– Less rigid, soft rock
– Can bend like plastic
The Core
• Made mostly of metal irons and nickel
• Very hot
• 3,486 km thick
• Made up of 2 parts:
– Outer core and the
inner core
The Core
• Outer Core
– Molten metal
– LIQUID LAYER
• Inner Core
– Solid Metal
Earth’s Magnetic Field
• Movement in Earth’s outer core create
Earth’s magnetic field
Earth’s Layers
• How are the earth’s
layers similar to an
egg?
• Shell=crust
• Egg white=mantle
• Yolk=core